Friedman Bruce H
Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0436, USA.
Biol Psychol. 2007 Feb;74(2):185-99. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.08.009. Epub 2006 Oct 27.
Research on heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac vagal tone, and their relationship to anxiety is reviewed in the context of the autonomic flexibility and neurovisceral integration models of adaptive functioning. These perspectives address the qualities of response flexibility and inhibition across multiple levels, incorporating central and autonomic nervous system mechanisms of environmental engagement, as well as principles derived from non-linear dynamics. These models predict reduced HRV and vagal tone in anxiety, and the literature has generally supported this prediction, with exceptions as are noted. State, trait, and clinical expressions of anxiety are considered, along with the clinical, methodological, and theoretical implications of this research. A portrayal of anxiety as a restricted response range across biological and behavioral realms of functioning is drawn from the literature on anxiety and HRV.
在适应性功能的自主灵活性和神经内脏整合模型的背景下，对心率变异性（HRV）、心脏迷走神经张力及其与焦虑的关系进行了综述。这些观点探讨了跨多个层面的反应灵活性和抑制的特性，纳入了环境参与的中枢和自主神经系统机制，以及源自非线性动力学的原理。这些模型预测焦虑时HRV和迷走神经张力会降低，并且文献总体上支持了这一预测，不过也有一些例外情况。文中考虑了焦虑的状态、特质和临床表现，以及该研究的临床、方法学和理论意义。从关于焦虑和HRV的文献中得出了将焦虑描述为跨生物和行为功能领域的受限反应范围的观点。
