Paradis Ann-Marie, Pérusse Louis, Vohl Marie-Claude
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006 Oct 31;3:38. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-3-38.
Familial history of obesity (FHO) and certain dietary habits are risk factors for obesity. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were 1) to derive dietary patterns using factor analysis in a population of men and women with and without FHO; 2) to compare mean factor scores for each dietary pattern between individuals with and without FHO; and 3) to examine the association between these patterns and anthropometric, lifestyle and sociodemographic variables.
A total of 197 women and 129 men with a body mass index <30 kg/m2 were recruited. A positive FHO (FHO+) was defined as having at least one obese first-degree relative and a negative FHO (FHO-) as no obese first-degree relative. Dietary data were collected from a food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was performed to derive dietary patterns. Mean factor scores were compared using general linear model among men and women according to FHO. Regression analyses were performed to study the relationship between anthropometric, lifestyle and sociodemographic variables, and each dietary pattern.
Two dietary patterns were identified in both men and women : the Western pattern characterized by a higher consumption of red meats, poultry, processed meats, refined grains as well as desserts, and the Prudent pattern characterized by greater intakes of vegetables, fruits, non-hydrogenated fat, and fish and seafood. Similar Western and Prudent factor scores were observed in individual with and without FHO. In men with FHO+, the Western pattern is negatively associated with age and positively associated with physical activity, smoking, and personal income. In women with FHO-, the Prudent pattern is negatively associated with BMI and smoking and these pattern is positively associated with age and physical activity.
Two dietary patterns have been identified among men and women with and without FHO. Although that FHO does not seem to influence the adherence to dietary patterns, results of this study suggest that anthropometric, lifestyle and sociodemographic variables associated with dietary patterns differ according to FHO and gender.
肥胖家族史（FHO）和某些饮食习惯是肥胖的危险因素。这项横断面研究的目的是：1）在有和没有FHO的男性和女性人群中，使用因子分析得出饮食模式；2）比较有和没有FHO的个体之间每种饮食模式的平均因子得分；3）研究这些模式与人体测量学、生活方式和社会人口统计学变量之间的关联。
共招募了197名体重指数<30 kg/m²的女性和129名男性。FHO阳性（FHO+）定义为至少有一名肥胖的一级亲属，FHO阴性（FHO-）定义为没有肥胖的一级亲属。通过食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。进行因子分析以得出饮食模式。根据FHO，使用一般线性模型比较男性和女性的平均因子得分。进行回归分析以研究人体测量学、生活方式和社会人口统计学变量与每种饮食模式之间的关系。
在男性和女性中均确定了两种饮食模式：西方模式的特点是红肉、家禽、加工肉类、精制谷物以及甜点的摄入量较高，谨慎模式的特点是蔬菜、水果、非氢化脂肪以及鱼类和海鲜的摄入量较高。在有和没有FHO的个体中观察到相似的西方和谨慎因子得分。在FHO+的男性中，西方模式与年龄呈负相关，与身体活动、吸烟和个人收入呈正相关。在FHO-的女性中，谨慎模式与BMI和吸烟呈负相关，与年龄和身体活动呈正相关。
在有和没有FHO的男性和女性中确定了两种饮食模式。尽管FHO似乎不影响对饮食模式的遵循，但本研究结果表明，与饮食模式相关的人体测量学、生活方式和社会人口统计学变量因FHO和性别而异。
