Aguilar Pablo S, de Mendoza Diego
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-2240, USA.
Mol Microbiol. 2006 Dec;62(6):1507-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05484.x.
Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) have profound effects on the fluidity and function of biological membranes. Microorganisms, plants and animals regulate the synthesis of UFAs during changing environmental conditions as well as in response to nutrients. UFAs homeostasis in many organisms is achieved by feedback regulation of fatty acid desaturase gene transcription through signalling pathways that are governed by sensors embedded in cellular membranes. Here, we review recently discovered components of the regulatory machinery governing the transcription of fatty acid desaturases in bacteria, yeasts and animals that indicate an ancient role of transmembrane signalling mechanisms and integrate membrane composition with lipid biosynthesis.
不饱和脂肪酸（UFAs）对生物膜的流动性和功能具有深远影响。微生物、植物和动物在环境条件变化以及对营养物质作出反应时，会调节不饱和脂肪酸的合成。许多生物体中的不饱和脂肪酸稳态是通过脂肪酸去饱和酶基因转录的反馈调节来实现的，该调节通过由嵌入细胞膜的传感器控制的信号通路进行。在这里，我们综述了最近在细菌、酵母和动物中发现的调控脂肪酸去饱和酶转录的调控机制组成部分，这些组成部分表明跨膜信号机制具有古老的作用，并将膜组成与脂质生物合成整合在一起。
