Knez Marija, Boy Erick
Center of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
HarvestPlus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 12;9:1057156. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1057156. eCollection 2022.
The role of Zn in human health was discovered 60 years ago, and despite remarkable research efforts, a sufficiently sensitive and specific biomarker of Zn status is still lacking. Plasma/serum Zn, currently the best available and most accepted population Zn status indicator, responds well to severe Zn deficiency, yet, mild to moderate Zn deficiency states usually remain unrecognized. Identifying early-stage Zn deficiency requires additional robust markers of Zn status. This paper discusses the sensitivity, specificity, and responsiveness of plasma Zn concentrations to Zn interventions. It describes the biochemical and dietary basis for the causal association between Zn and fatty acid desaturases activity, FADS1 and FADS2, based on data collected through studies performed in animals and/or humans. The influence of potential confounders and covariates on the observed relationships is considered. Additional potential Zn biomarkers are discussed and suggestions for further research in this area are provided.
锌在人类健康中的作用于60年前被发现，尽管进行了大量研究，但仍缺乏一种足够灵敏和特异的锌状态生物标志物。血浆/血清锌是目前可用且最被认可的群体锌状态指标，对严重锌缺乏反应良好，但轻度至中度锌缺乏状态通常仍未被识别。识别早期锌缺乏需要其他可靠的锌状态标志物。本文讨论了血浆锌浓度对锌干预的敏感性、特异性和反应性。基于在动物和/或人类中进行的研究收集的数据，描述了锌与脂肪酸去饱和酶活性（FADS1和FADS2）之间因果关联的生化和饮食基础。考虑了潜在混杂因素和协变量对观察到的关系的影响。讨论了其他潜在的锌生物标志物，并提供了该领域进一步研究的建议。
