Takahashi Mayako, Watanabe Hiromoto, Kikkawa Junko, Ota Masaki, Watanabe Masaru, Sato Yoshiyuki, Inomata Hiroshi, Sato Nobuyuki
Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University.
Anal Sci. 2006 Nov;22(11):1441-7. doi: 10.2116/analsci.22.1441.
The extraction of carotenoids from Japanese persimmon peels by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), of which the solvent was CO(2), was performed. In order to enhance the yield and selectivity of the extraction, some portion of ethanol (5 - 20 mol%) was added as an entrainer. The extraction temperature ranged from 313 to 353 K and the pressure was 30 MPa. The effect of temperature on the extraction yield of carotenoids was investigated at 10 mol% of the ethanol concentration in the extraction solvent, and a suitable temperature was found to be 333 K among the temperatures studied with respect to the carotenoid yield. With increasing the entrainer amount from 0 to 10 mol% at a constant temperature (333 K), the carotenoid yield in the extraction was improved, whereas the selectivity of the extracted carotenoids was drastically depressed. We also conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses for the carotenoid components in the extract by HPLC, and analyzed the extraction behavior of each individual carotenoid (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin). The selectivity of each carotenoid changed with the elapsed time and its time evolution was dependent on the carotenoid component, indicating that the location profile and the content can be important factors to understand the SFE behavior of each carotenoid in persimmon peels.
采用超临界流体萃取（SFE）法从日本柿皮中提取类胡萝卜素，萃取溶剂为CO₂。为提高萃取产率和选择性，加入一定比例（5 - 20 mol%）的乙醇作为夹带剂。萃取温度范围为313至353 K，压力为30 MPa。在萃取溶剂中乙醇浓度为10 mol%的条件下，研究了温度对类胡萝卜素萃取产率的影响，发现在所研究的温度中，333 K是类胡萝卜素产率方面的适宜温度。在恒定温度（333 K）下，随着夹带剂用量从0增加到10 mol%，萃取中类胡萝卜素的产率提高，但萃取类胡萝卜素的选择性急剧下降。我们还通过高效液相色谱法对提取物中的类胡萝卜素成分进行了定性和定量分析，并分析了每种类胡萝卜素（α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、番茄红素、叶黄素和玉米黄质）的萃取行为。每种类胡萝卜素的选择性随时间变化，其时间演变取决于类胡萝卜素成分，这表明位置分布和含量可能是理解柿皮中各类胡萝卜素超临界流体萃取行为的重要因素。
