Karinkanta S, Heinonen A, Sievänen H, Uusi-Rasi K, Pasanen M, Ojala K, Fogelholm M, Kannus P
UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.
Osteoporos Int. 2007 Apr;18(4):453-62. doi: 10.1007/s00198-006-0256-1. Epub 2006 Nov 14.
This study showed that combination of strength, balance, agility and jumping training prevented functional decline and bone fragility in home-dwelling elderly women. The finding supports the idea that it is possible to maintain good physical functioning by multi-component exercise program and thus postpone the age-related functional problems.
This 1-year randomized, controlled exercise intervention trial assessed the effects of two different training programs and their combination on physical functioning and bone in home-dwelling elderly women.
One hundred and forty-nine healthy women aged 70-78 years were randomly assigned into: group 1-resistance training (RES), group 2-balance-jumping training (BAL), group 3-combination of resistance and balance-jumping training (COMB), and group 4-controls (CON). Self-rated physical functioning, leg extensor force, dynamic balance, and bone mass and structure were measured.
Self-rated physical functioning improved in the COMB group, but was reduced in the CON group; the mean inter-group difference was 10% (95% CI: 0-22%). Mean increase in the leg extensor force was higher in the RES (14%; 4-25%) and COMB (13%; 3-25%) compared with the CON groups. Dynamic balance improved in the BAL (6%; 1-11%) and in the COMB (8%; 3-12%) groups. There were no inter-group differences in BMC at the proximal femur. In those COMB women who trained at least twice a week, the tibial shaft structure weakened 2% (0-4%) less than those in the CON group.
Strength, balance, agility, and jumping training (especially in combination) prevented functional decline in home-dwelling elderly women. In addition, positive effects seen in the structure of the loaded tibia indicated that exercise may also play a role in preventing bone fragility.
本研究表明，力量、平衡、敏捷性和跳跃训练相结合可预防居家老年女性的功能衰退和骨质脆弱。这一发现支持了通过多组分运动计划维持良好身体功能从而推迟与年龄相关的功能问题的观点。
这项为期1年的随机对照运动干预试验评估了两种不同训练计划及其组合对居家老年女性身体功能和骨骼的影响。
149名70 - 78岁的健康女性被随机分为：第1组 - 阻力训练（RES）组，第2组 - 平衡 - 跳跃训练（BAL）组，第3组 - 阻力与平衡 - 跳跃训练组合（COMB）组，以及第4组 - 对照组（CON）。测量了自我评定的身体功能、腿部伸肌力量、动态平衡以及骨量和骨结构。
COMB组的自我评定身体功能有所改善，而CON组则下降；组间平均差异为10%（95%置信区间：0 - 22%）。与CON组相比，RES组（14%；4 - 25%）和COMB组（13%；3 - 25%）的腿部伸肌力量平均增加更高。BAL组（6%；1 - 未找到完整内容，可补充完整后继续提问）和COMB组（8%；3 - 12%）的动态平衡得到改善。股骨近端的骨密度在组间没有差异。在那些每周至少训练两次的COMB组女性中，胫骨干结构比CON组女性减弱少2%（0 - 4%）。
力量、平衡、敏捷性和跳跃训练（尤其是相结合时）可预防居家老年女性功能衰退。此外，在负重胫骨结构中观察到的积极作用表明运动在预防骨质脆弱方面也可能发挥作用。
