del Hoyo-Barbolla Eva, Kukafka Rita, Arredondo María Teresa, Ortega Marta
Life Supporting Technologies, Madrid, Spain.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2006;124:404-12.
This paper proposes a new model that provides assistance in understanding the reasons why individuals would use new ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) to perform a healthcare change in their lifestyle. Achieving a lifestyle change by the use of ICT is a multifold issue that can be broadly addressed by analysing, in parallel two dimensions: the individuals' attitude towards their health condition and their approach and readiness to monitor and change their attitude by the use of ICT. Our work has been to conceive and develop a model that explains the different stages the user is at both in terms of the perception of healthcare and of the use of technology to perform any desired or recommended change. In order to place the user at each dimension a set of questionnaires were designed and implemented. These questionnaires assisted us in understanding what personalised information needs to be provided according to the stage the user is at as well as to other variables (such as age, cultural background, etc). The novelty of this model is that it proposes a general framework that may be applied to the conception, design and evaluation of any e-health application. Moreover, it can be applied to different application targets (medical informatics, public health informatics, etc) and to different audiences (healthy individuals, patients, professionals, etc) as it proposes an enhanced user modelling process by taking into account both healthcare behaviour aspects as well as technological issues, which up to this moment, have not been taken into account and may be part of the explanation of e-health uptake failure in the healthcare field. The application of this model promotes the empowerment of the individuals by providing tailored information, as well as guidance, monitoring, through ICT and it will certainly make an impact on health-related behaviour. Besides, it will allow to understand some of the reasons of the success or failure of different e-health platforms. Overall, this model is likely to provide deeper insights into the process of improving e-health so it can meet ongoing individuals' needs and become an increasingly valued part of health care services.
本文提出了一种新模型，该模型有助于理解个体使用新的信息通信技术（ICT）来改变其生活方式中的医疗保健行为的原因。通过使用ICT实现生活方式的改变是一个多方面的问题，可以通过并行分析两个维度来广泛解决：个体对自身健康状况的态度，以及他们使用ICT监测和改变态度的方式及准备情况。我们的工作是构思并开发一个模型，该模型从医疗保健认知以及使用技术进行任何期望或推荐的改变这两个方面，解释用户所处的不同阶段。为了确定用户在每个维度的情况，我们设计并实施了一系列问卷。这些问卷帮助我们了解根据用户所处阶段以及其他变量（如年龄、文化背景等）需要提供哪些个性化信息。该模型的新颖之处在于，它提出了一个通用框架，可应用于任何电子健康应用的构思、设计和评估。此外，它可以应用于不同的应用目标（医学信息学、公共卫生信息学等）和不同的受众（健康个体、患者、专业人员等），因为它通过考虑医疗保健行为方面以及技术问题，提出了一个增强的用户建模过程，而这些问题在此之前尚未被考虑到，可能是医疗保健领域电子健康应用采用失败的部分原因。该模型的应用通过提供量身定制的信息以及通过ICT进行指导和监测，促进了个体的赋权，并且肯定会对与健康相关的行为产生影响。此外，它将有助于理解不同电子健康平台成功或失败的一些原因。总体而言，该模型可能会为改善电子健康的过程提供更深入的见解，从而满足个体不断变化的需求，并成为医疗保健服务中越来越有价值的一部分。
