von Leupoldt Andreas, Ambruzsova Rita, Nordmeyer Simone, Jeske Nina, Dahme Bernhard
Psychological Institute III, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Respiration. 2006;73(6):762-8. doi: 10.1159/000095910.
Recent research has shown that distinct dimensions in the perception of dyspnea can be differentiated; however, most studies to date have only used a global rating scale for the measurement of this sensation.
This study examined the different influence of sensory and affective aspects of perceived dyspnea on the commonly used Borg scale, which measures the global perception of dyspnea.
Dyspnea was induced in 16 healthy volunteers (mean age 26.2 +/- 6.3 years) by breathing through an inspiratory resistive load (3.57 kPa/l/s) in two experimental conditions (attention and distraction). After each of the two conditions the experienced intensity (i.e., sensory dimension) and unpleasantness (i.e., affective dimension) of dyspnea were rated on separate visual analog scales (VAS), followed by a global rating of dyspnea on the Borg scale. Hierarchical multiple linear regression models were calculated to analyze the predictive validity of VAS ratings of intensity and unpleasantness on the Borg scale ratings.
When subjects attended to their breathing, only VAS intensity scores showed a significant influence on Borg scale ratings (p < 0.05). In contrast, only the VAS unpleasantness scores showed a significant influence on Borg scale ratings (p < 0.05) when subjects were distracted.
These findings show that sensory and affective aspects of perceived dyspnea differentially influence the global measure of dyspnea as determined by the Borg scale. A differentiation between these aspects in future studies through the use of separate rating scales could yield more detailed information on the perception and report of dyspnea.
近期研究表明，呼吸困难感知中的不同维度可以区分；然而，迄今为止大多数研究仅使用整体评分量表来测量这种感觉。
本研究考察了感知到的呼吸困难的感觉和情感方面对常用的Borg量表的不同影响，该量表测量的是呼吸困难的整体感知。
在两种实验条件（注意力集中和注意力分散）下，让16名健康志愿者（平均年龄26.2±6.3岁）通过吸气阻力负荷（3.57 kPa/l/s）呼吸来诱发呼吸困难。在这两种条件中的每一种之后，分别在视觉模拟量表（VAS）上对呼吸困难的体验强度（即感觉维度）和不愉快程度（即情感维度）进行评分，然后在Borg量表上对呼吸困难进行整体评分。计算分层多元线性回归模型，以分析VAS强度评分和不愉快程度评分对Borg量表评分的预测效度。
当受试者关注自己的呼吸时，只有VAS强度得分对Borg量表评分有显著影响（p<0.05）。相反，当受试者注意力分散时，只有VAS不愉快程度得分对Borg量表评分有显著影响（p<0.05）。
这些发现表明，感知到的呼吸困难的感觉和情感方面对由Borg量表确定的呼吸困难整体测量有不同影响。在未来研究中通过使用单独的评分量表区分这些方面，可以获得关于呼吸困难感知和报告的更详细信息。
