Metaxas T, Sendelides T, Koutlianos N, Mandroukas K
Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Dec;46(4):520-5.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the seasonal variation in the cardiorespiratory fitness of soccer players according to positional role in the team.
Thirty-two male soccer players U-19 years old were studied, consisting of 10 central defenders (18.2+/-0.9 years and 8.5+/-1.6 years of training (Group A), 12 midfielders (18+/-1 years and 8.1+/-1.4 years of training (Group B) and 10 attackers (18.2+/-0.9 years and 8.4+/-1.5 years of training (Group C). All subjects underwent anthropometric measurements and maximal exercise tests on a treadmill four times during their annual training cycle and maximal blood lactate accumulation analysis in order to verify that maximal exertion was reached. The measurements took place in the beginning and at the end of the preparation period, in the middle as well as at the end of the competitive season.
Group A showed increased VO2(max) (mL.kg(-1.)min(-1)) by 19.3% in the 2nd measurement, by 22.9% in the 3rd and by 17.6% in the 4th compared to the beginning, respectively (P <or=0.05). The percentages of VO2(max) (mL.kg(-1.)min(-1)) improvement were 19.5%, 22.1% and 17.7% for Group B and 24.6%, 27.2% and 21% for Group C, respectively (P=or<0.05). No significant differences were observed between the three positional roles at any of the four times of the season.
The results indicated that the maximal aerobic power of the players was not significantly different as regards their positional role in the team. The aerobic fitness as it was evaluated by the VO2(max) and the exercise time to exhaustion, increased significantly after the training preparation period compared to the baseline values and remained relatively constant throughout the whole training season.
本研究旨在根据足球队中的位置角色评估足球运动员心肺适能的季节性变化。
对32名19岁以下的男性足球运动员进行了研究，其中包括10名中后卫（年龄18.2±0.9岁，训练年限8.5±1.6年（A组））、12名中场球员（年龄18±1岁，训练年限8.1±1.4年（B组））和10名前锋（年龄18.2±0.9岁，训练年限8.4±1.5年（C组））。所有受试者在年度训练周期内进行了4次人体测量和跑步机最大运动测试，并进行了最大血乳酸积累分析，以验证达到了最大运动量。测量在准备期开始和结束时、赛季中期以及赛季结束时进行。
与开始时相比，A组在第2次测量时VO2（max）（mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）增加了19.3%，第3次增加了22.9%，第4次增加了17.6%（P≤0.05）。B组VO2（max）（mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）的改善百分比分别为19.5%、22.1%和17.7%，C组分别为24.6%、27.2%和21%（P≤0.05）。在赛季的四个时间点中的任何一个时间点，三个位置角色之间均未观察到显著差异。
结果表明，球员的最大有氧能力在球队中的位置角色方面没有显著差异。通过VO2（max）和运动至疲劳时间评估的有氧适能，与基线值相比，在训练准备期后显著增加，并且在整个训练赛季中保持相对稳定。
