Kupczewska-Dobecka Małgorzata, Czerczak Sławomir
Department of Scientific Information, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lódź, Poland.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2006;19(2):84-91. doi: 10.2478/v10001-006-0015-9.
The European Union has published a list of dangerous chemicals, along with classification and labeling; in 1997 the list was adapted to the requirements of Polish regulations and has been continuously updated since then. We have decided to adopt data on dangerous chemicals classification in the list referring to their dermal absorption to assess whether the skin notation is required in the maximum admissible concentration (MAC) list. In Poland, the Group of Experts for Chemical Agents (GECA) decides on assigning the skin absorption notation (symbol Sk) when analyzing the literature data collected in order to prepare occupational exposure limits documentation. The LD50s value serves as the main criterion for assigning the notation. The limit value of 1000 mg/kg has been set as the criterion for applying the skin notation. Documented results of animal and human research, which point to systemic effects resulting from dermal exposure and physicochemical characteristics enabling calculation of the dermal absorption rate may also be used as the basis for assigning the skin notation. Chemicals for which GECA recommended using the skin notation in the 2004 MAC list have been analyzed. It was concluded that information on the classification of chemicals in the list of dangerous chemicals is useful for assessing the skin absorption, but quantitative assessment of absorption rate compared to "safe" levels, using the available theoretical models, should also be attempted.
欧盟公布了一份危险化学品清单以及分类和标签；1997年该清单根据波兰法规的要求进行了调整，此后一直在不断更新。我们决定采用该清单中有关危险化学品经皮肤吸收的分类数据，以评估最大容许浓度（MAC）清单中是否需要标注皮肤接触符号。在波兰，化学制剂专家小组（GECA）在分析为编制职业接触限值文件而收集的文献数据时，决定是否标注皮肤吸收符号（符号Sk）。半数致死剂量（LD50）值是标注该符号的主要标准。已将1000毫克/千克的限值设定为应用皮肤接触符号的标准。动物和人体研究的记录结果，若表明经皮肤接触会产生全身效应且其物理化学特性能够计算皮肤吸收率，也可作为标注皮肤接触符号的依据。对GECA在2004年MAC清单中建议使用皮肤接触符号的化学品进行了分析。得出的结论是，危险化学品清单中的化学品分类信息有助于评估皮肤吸收情况，但还应尝试使用现有的理论模型，将吸收率与“安全”水平进行定量评估。
