Komsi Niina, Räikkönen Katri, Pesonen Anu-Katriina, Heinonen Kati, Keskivaara Pertti, Järvenpää Anna-Liisa, Strandberg Timo E
Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
Infant Behav Dev. 2006 Dec;29(4):494-508. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2006.05.002. Epub 2006 Jun 22.
Continuity of temperament from 6 months (the IBQ) to 5.5 years (the CBQ) was explored in Finnish children (n=231) within the theoretical framework deviced by Rothbart. Activity level, smiling and laughter, distress to limitations and fear showed significant differential homotypic and heterotypic continuity, while soothability and duration of orienting showed significant differential heterotypic continuity. On the level of latent superconstructs, infant positive and negative affectivity accounted for 4.6, 22.3, and 6.0% of the variance in childhood extraversion, effortful control and negative affectivity, respectively. Infant and childhood temperament clustered into profile types named "resilient", "undercontrolled", and "overcontrolled" mirroring ipsative continuity. These findings give empirical credence to Rothbart's theory by replicating and extending previous findings in significant ways.
在罗斯巴特设计的理论框架内，对芬兰儿童（n = 231）从6个月大（使用婴儿行为问卷，即IBQ）到5.5岁（使用儿童行为问卷，即CBQ）的气质连续性进行了探究。活动水平、微笑和大笑、对限制的苦恼以及恐惧表现出显著的同型和异型差异连续性，而安抚性和定向持续时间则表现出显著的异型差异连续性。在潜在的超结构层面，婴儿期的积极和消极情感分别占儿童期外向性、努力控制和消极情感变异的4.6%、22.3%和6.0%。婴儿期和儿童期的气质聚类为“适应良好型”、“控制不足型”和“控制过度型”等特征类型，反映了个体内部的连续性。这些发现通过以重要方式重复和扩展先前的研究结果，为罗斯巴特的理论提供了实证依据。
