Silva Francisco J, Silva Kathleen M
Department of Psychology, University of Redlands, P.O. Box 3080, 1200 East Colton Avenue, Redlands, California 92373-0999, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Aug;13(4):689-93. doi: 10.3758/bf03193982.
Two experiments examined adult humans' folk physics (i.e., their naturally occurring and spontaneous understanding of the physical world) using variations of trap-table problems used to study chimpanzees' folk physics. When presented with these problems, people unnecessarily avoided retrieving a reward by pulling a rake on the side of a table with a trapping hole--even though it was highly unlikely that the hole would trap the reward. However, when the distance between the reward and the trap was sufficiently large and the distance that the reward had to travel to be retrieved was sufficiently short, people preferred to retrieve a reward by pulling the rake on the side of the table with the trap. These results underscore that behavior during tool-use tasks has many possible causes, only one of which might be a subject's folk physics.
两项实验利用用于研究黑猩猩民间物理学的陷阱桌问题变体，检验了成年人类的民间物理学（即他们对物理世界的自然形成且自发的理解）。当面对这些问题时，人们会不必要地避免通过拉动桌子有陷阱洞一侧的耙子来获取奖励——尽管奖励被洞困住的可能性极小。然而，当奖励与陷阱之间的距离足够大，且奖励被获取所需移动的距离足够短时，人们更倾向于通过拉动桌子有陷阱一侧的耙子来获取奖励。这些结果强调，工具使用任务中的行为有许多可能的原因，其中只有一个可能是受试者的民间物理学。
