乙型肝炎病毒分类学与乙型肝炎病毒基因型
Hepatitis B virus taxonomy and hepatitis B virus genotypes.
作者信息
Schaefer Stephan
机构信息
Abteilung für Virologie, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universität Rostock, Schillingallee 70, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
出版信息
World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan 7;13(1):14-21. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i1.14.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of the hepadnavirus family. Hepadnaviruses can be found in both mammals (orthohepadnaviruses) and birds (avihepadnaviruses). The genetic variability of HBV is very high. There are eight genotypes of HBV and three clades of HBV isolates from apes that appear to be additional genotypes of HBV. Most genotypes are now divided into subgenotypes with distinct virological and epidemiological properties. In addition, recombination among HBV genotypes increases the variability of HBV. This review summarises current knowledge of the epidemiology of genetic variability in hepadnaviruses and, due to rapid progress in the field, updates several recent reviews on HBV genotypes and subgenotypes.
摘要
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是嗜肝DNA病毒科的一员。嗜肝DNA病毒可在哺乳动物（正嗜肝DNA病毒）和鸟类（禽嗜肝DNA病毒）中发现。HBV的基因变异性非常高。HBV有八种基因型，来自猿类的HBV分离株有三个进化枝，似乎是HBV的其他基因型。现在大多数基因型又被分为具有不同病毒学和流行病学特性的亚基因型。此外，HBV基因型之间的重组增加了HBV的变异性。本综述总结了嗜肝DNA病毒基因变异性流行病学的当前知识，并且由于该领域的快速进展，更新了几篇关于HBV基因型和亚基因型的近期综述。
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