Bailyn Lotte, Collins Robin, Song Yang
Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
J Nurs Manag. 2007 Jan;15(1):72-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2934.2006.00633.x.
To describe a pilot project on self-scheduling (self-rostering) for hospital nurses and assess its potential values and difficulties in implementation.
Self-scheduling is one aspect of the effort to make the hospital nursing environment more accommodative of nurses' lives. It is part of the good employment practices that nurses want and that can help recruitment, retention and--possibly--patient care.
A self-scheduling programme was implemented on one nursing floor for a year. Its effect on nursing perceptions was gauged by an informal questionnaire, and its effect on the nurse manager was gauged by counting change requests and sick calls, as well as her time spent on scheduling and her perceived annoyance in doing it.
During the time of the pilot project nurses felt that they had better control of their time and were able to give better patient care. Also, change requests decreased, as did the time spent by the nurse manager and her sense of annoyance. But since the nurses did not adhere to the rules of the programme, despite repeated efforts by the nurse manager, the attempt floundered.
Self-scheduling can have positive results for nurses and benefit the nurse manager. But if nurses see this as an individual entitlement instead of a balance between individual and unit benefit, everyone loses. This experience may be of use to others trying to implement a self-scheduling system.
描述一项针对医院护士的自我排班（自我轮值）试点项目，并评估其潜在价值及实施中的困难。
自我排班是使医院护理环境更适应护士生活的努力的一个方面。它是护士所期望的良好就业实践的一部分，有助于招聘、留住护士，并且——可能——有助于患者护理。
在一个护理楼层实施了一项自我排班计划，为期一年。通过一份非正式问卷来衡量其对护士认知的影响，通过统计变更请求和病假电话数量，以及护士长在排班上花费的时间和她在排班时感受到的烦恼程度，来衡量其对护士长的影响。
在试点项目期间，护士们觉得他们能更好地掌控自己的时间，并且能够提供更好的患者护理。此外，变更请求减少了，护士长花费的时间和她的烦恼感也减少了。但由于护士们不遵守该计划的规则，尽管护士长多次努力，该尝试还是失败了。
自我排班对护士可能产生积极结果，并使护士长受益。但如果护士将此视为个人的权利，而非个人与科室利益之间的平衡，那么所有人都会受损。这一经验可能对其他试图实施自我排班系统的人有用。
