O'Connor Mary I, Bruno John F, Gaines Steven D, Halpern Benjamin S, Lester Sarah E, Kinlan Brian P, Weiss Jack M
Curriculum in Ecology, CB 3275, Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 23;104(4):1266-71. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603422104. Epub 2007 Jan 9.
Temperature controls the rate of fundamental biochemical processes and thereby regulates organismal attributes including development rate and survival. The increase in metabolic rate with temperature explains substantial among-species variation in life-history traits, population dynamics, and ecosystem processes. Temperature can also cause variability in metabolic rate within species. Here, we compare the effect of temperature on a key component of marine life cycles among a geographically and taxonomically diverse group of marine fish and invertebrates. Although innumerable lab studies document the negative effect of temperature on larval development time, little is known about the generality versus taxon-dependence of this relationship. We present a unified, parameterized model for the temperature dependence of larval development in marine animals. Because the duration of the larval period is known to influence larval dispersal distance and survival, changes in ocean temperature could have a direct and predictable influence on population connectivity, community structure, and regional-to-global scale patterns of biodiversity.
温度控制着基本生化过程的速率，从而调节包括发育速率和存活率在内的生物体属性。代谢速率随温度的升高解释了物种间在生活史特征、种群动态和生态系统过程方面的显著差异。温度也会导致物种内部代谢速率的变化。在这里，我们比较了温度对一组地理和分类学上多样化的海洋鱼类和无脊椎动物的海洋生命周期关键组成部分的影响。尽管无数的实验室研究记录了温度对幼体发育时间的负面影响，但对于这种关系的普遍性与分类群依赖性知之甚少。我们提出了一个统一的、参数化的海洋动物幼体发育温度依赖性模型。由于已知幼体期的持续时间会影响幼体扩散距离和存活率，海洋温度的变化可能会对种群连通性、群落结构以及生物多样性的区域到全球尺度格局产生直接且可预测的影响。
