Park Song-Yi, Murphy Suzanne P, Wilkens Lynne R, Nomura Abraham M Y, Henderson Brian E, Kolonel Laurence N
Cancer Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Apr 1;165(7):784-93. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwk069. Epub 2007 Jan 10.
The associations of intakes of calcium and vitamin D with colorectal cancer risk were examined in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (Hawaii and Los Angeles, California). In 1993-1996, 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged > or =45 years completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 2,110 incident cases of colorectal cancer (1,138 in men and 972 in women) were identified through December 31, 2001. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate multivariate-adjusted relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. Total calcium intake (from foods and supplements) was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk in both men (highest quintile vs. lowest: relative risk (RR) = 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 0.93; p for trend = 0.006) and women (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.83; p for trend = 0.003). The inverse association was also seen for total vitamin D intake in men (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.51, 1.00; p for trend = 0.03) but not in women. Intake of dairy products was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, especially among nonusers of supplemental calcium (men: RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59, 1.01; women: RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.89). The findings support the hypothesis of protective roles for calcium, vitamin D, and dairy products in the risk of colorectal cancer.
在多民族队列研究（夏威夷和加利福尼亚州洛杉矶）中，研究了钙和维生素D摄入量与结直肠癌风险之间的关联。1993年至1996年，85903名年龄≥45岁的男性和105108名年龄≥45岁的女性完成了一份定量食物频率问卷。截至2001年12月31日，共确定了2110例结直肠癌新发病例（男性1138例，女性972例）。使用Cox比例风险模型计算多变量调整后的相对风险和95%置信区间。总钙摄入量（来自食物和补充剂）与男性（最高五分位数与最低五分位数相比：相对风险（RR）=0.70，95%置信区间（CI）：0.52，0.93；趋势p值=0.006）和女性（RR=0.64，95%CI：0.50，0.83；趋势p值=0.003）的结直肠癌风险呈负相关。男性总维生素D摄入量也呈负相关（RR=0.72，95%CI：0.51，1.00；趋势p值=0.03），但女性未观察到这种负相关。乳制品摄入量与结直肠癌风险呈负相关，尤其是在未补充钙的人群中（男性：RR=0.77，95%CI：0.59，1.01；女性：RR=0.66，95%CI：0.49，0.89）。这些发现支持了钙、维生素D和乳制品在结直肠癌风险中具有保护作用的假设。
