Czarkowski Mirosław P, Stefanoff Paweł
Zakład Epidemiologii Pańistwowego Zakładu Higieny, Warszawa.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2006;60(3):393-400.
In Poland, 4,857 cases of rubella were registered in 2004 (incidence 12.7 per 100,000 population). No cases of congenital rubella syndrome were reported. A 54% decrease in incidence was noted, compared to 2003. The incidence registered during 2004 dropped below the lowest level noted ever since the introduction of mandatory reporting in 1966. Across voivodeships, the incidence ranged from 30.7 per 100,000 in kujawsko-pomorskie to 4.2 per 100,000 in mazowieckie. As in 2003 rubella incidence among residents of urban areas was lower, compared to residents of rural areas (12.5 and 13.1 respectively). The incidence in men (13.9) was 38% higher than in women (11.6). For the first time the highest incidence was observed in children aged 1 (144.6 per 100,000) and infants (114.0). Approximately 0,7% of cases required hospital admission. No rubella deaths were registered. The epidemiology of rubella in Poland has changed in recent years due to increasing proportion of children at the age of 13-14 months vaccinated with recommended vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. Substantial improvement of rubella epidemiologic situation is expected in following decade after introduction of MMR in the routine immunization schedule.
2004年，波兰登记了4857例风疹病例（发病率为每10万人12.7例）。未报告先天性风疹综合征病例。与2003年相比，发病率下降了54%。2004年登记的发病率降至1966年实行强制报告以来的最低水平以下。在各个省，发病率从库亚维-波美拉尼亚省的每10万人30.7例到马佐夫舍省的每10万人4.2例不等。与2003年一样，城市地区居民的风疹发病率低于农村地区居民（分别为12.5和13.1）。男性发病率（13.9）比女性发病率（11.6）高38%。首次在1岁儿童（每10万人144.6例）和婴儿（每10万人114.0例）中观察到最高发病率。约0.7%的病例需要住院治疗。未登记风疹死亡病例。近年来，由于13至14个月大儿童接种推荐的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗的比例增加，波兰风疹的流行病学情况发生了变化。在常规免疫计划中引入MMR疫苗后的十年内，预计风疹的流行病学情况将有显著改善。
