设计生物学：细胞成分与行为的简化及合成
Biology by design: reduction and synthesis of cellular components and behaviour.
作者信息
Marguet Philippe, Balagadde Frederick, Tan Cheemeng, You Lingchong
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
出版信息
J R Soc Interface. 2007 Aug 22;4(15):607-23. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2006.0206.
Biological research is experiencing an increasing focus on the application of knowledge rather than on its generation. Thanks to the increased understanding of cellular systems and technological advances, biologists are more frequently asking not only 'how can I understand the structure and behaviour of this biological system?', but also 'how can I apply that knowledge to generate novel functions in different biological systems or in other contexts?' Active pursuit of the latter has nurtured the emergence of synthetic biology. Here, we discuss the motivation behind, and foundational technologies enabling, the development of this nascent field. We examine some early successes and applications while highlighting the challenges involved. Finally, we consider future directions and mention non-scientific considerations that can influence the field's growth.
生物学研究正日益关注知识的应用而非知识的产生。由于对细胞系统的理解不断加深以及技术进步，生物学家不仅越来越频繁地问“我如何理解这个生物系统的结构和行为？”，还问“我如何应用这些知识在不同的生物系统或其他背景中产生新功能？” 对后者的积极追求催生了合成生物学的出现。在此，我们讨论这个新兴领域发展背后的动机以及使其成为可能的基础技术。我们审视了一些早期的成功案例和应用，同时强调其中涉及的挑战。最后，我们思考未来的方向，并提及可能影响该领域发展的非科学因素。
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