Schnoor M, Klante T, Beckmann M, Robra B P, Welte T, Raspe H, Schäfer T
Institute of Social Medicine, Medical University Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck Campus, Germany.
Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Nov;135(8):1389-97. doi: 10.1017/S0950268807007832. Epub 2007 Feb 12.
The objective of this case-control study was to identify the main risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in a German adult population. A self-administered questionnaire was given to CAP cases provided by the German competence network CAPNETZ and population-based, randomly selected controls (sex- and age-matched). Multivariate analysis showed that in addition to known risk factors such as previous CAP [odds ratio (OR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-2.1], more than one respiratory infection during the previous year (OR 3.6, 95% CI 2.9-4.5), chronic pulmonary diseases (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.7-3.0), number of comorbidities (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-1.9), and number of children in the household (2 children: OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.4; > or = 3 children: OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.5-7.0) were independent risk factors for CAP. This was pronounced in particular in people aged < or = 65 years. The most likely explanation for this finding is higher exposure to infectious agents.
这项病例对照研究的目的是确定德国成年人群社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的主要危险因素。向德国CAPNETZ能力网络提供的CAP病例以及基于人群随机选取的对照（按性别和年龄匹配）发放了一份自填式问卷。多变量分析显示，除了既往CAP等已知危险因素外[比值比（OR）1.6，95%置信区间（CI）1.3 - 2.1]，前一年发生不止一次呼吸道感染（OR 3.6，95% CI 2.9 - 4.5）、慢性肺部疾病（OR 2.3，95% CI 1.7 - 3.0）、合并症数量（OR 1.6，95% CI 1.4 - 1.9）以及家庭中儿童数量（2个孩子：OR 2.2，95% CI 1.5 - 3.4；≥3个孩子：OR 3.2，95% CI 1.5 - 7.0）均为CAP的独立危险因素。这在年龄≤65岁的人群中尤为明显。对这一发现最可能的解释是接触传染源的机会更高。
