Stein Nils
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany.
Chromosome Res. 2007;15(1):21-31. doi: 10.1007/s10577-006-1107-9.
Whole genome sequencing provides direct access to all genes of an organism and represents an essential step towards a systematic understanding of (crop) plant biology. Wheat and barley, two of the most important crop species worldwide, have two- to five-fold larger genomes than human - too large to be completely sequenced at current costs. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made to unlock the gene contents of these species by sequencing expressed sequence tags (EST) for high-density mapping and as a basis for elucidating gene function on a large scale. Several megabases of genomic (BAC) sequences have been obtained providing a first insight into the complexity of these huge cereal genomes. However, to fully exploit the information of the wheat and barley genomes for crop improvement, sequence analysis of a significantly larger portion of the Triticeae genomes is needed. In this review an overview of the current status of Triticeae genome sequencing and a perspective concerning future developments in cereal structural genomics is provided.
全基因组测序可直接获取生物体的所有基因，是系统理解（作物）植物生物学的关键一步。小麦和大麦是全球最重要的两种作物，其基因组比人类基因组大两到五倍——以目前的成本，规模太大难以完全测序。尽管如此，通过对表达序列标签（EST）进行测序以构建高密度图谱，并以此为基础大规模阐明基因功能，在解析这些物种的基因内容方面已取得显著进展。现已获得了数百万碱基对的基因组（BAC）序列，初步揭示了这些庞大的谷物基因组的复杂性。然而，要充分利用小麦和大麦基因组信息用于作物改良，还需要对小麦族基因组中更大比例的序列进行分析。本文综述了小麦族基因组测序的现状，并展望了谷物结构基因组学的未来发展。
