Sanders Johan, Scott Elinor, Weusthuis Ruud, Mooibroek Hans
Wageningen University and Research Centre, Department of Valorisation of Plant Production Chains, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Macromol Biosci. 2007 Feb 12;7(2):105-17. doi: 10.1002/mabi.200600223.
This paper describes several examples of knowledge-intensive technologies for the production of chemicals from biomass, which take advantage of the biomass structure in a more efficient way than the production of fuels or electricity alone. The depletion in fossil feedstocks, increasing oil prices, and the ecological problems associated with CO(2) emissions are forcing the development of alternative resources for energy, transport fuels, and chemicals, such as the replacement of fossil resources with CO(2) neutral biomass. Allied with this is the conversion of crude oil products utilizes primary products (ethylene, etc.) and their conversion into either materials or (functional) chemicals with the aid of co-reagents such as ammonia, by various process steps to introduce functionalities such as -NH(2) into the simple structures of the primary products. Conversely, many products found in biomass often contain functionalities. Therefore, it is attractive to exploit this in order to by-pass the use, and preparation of, co-reagents as well as to eliminate various process steps by utilizing suitable biomass-based precursors for the production of chemicals.
本文介绍了几种利用生物质生产化学品的知识密集型技术实例，这些技术比单独生产燃料或电力更有效地利用了生物质结构。化石原料的枯竭、油价上涨以及与二氧化碳排放相关的生态问题，正促使人们开发能源、运输燃料和化学品的替代资源，例如用二氧化碳中和的生物质替代化石资源。与此相关的是，原油产品的转化利用初级产品（乙烯等），并借助氨等共试剂，通过各种工艺步骤将其转化为材料或（功能性）化学品，从而将诸如-NH₂等官能团引入初级产品的简单结构中。相反，生物质中发现的许多产品通常含有官能团。因此，利用这一点来绕过共试剂的使用和制备，并通过使用合适的生物质基前体来消除各种工艺步骤以生产化学品，是很有吸引力的。
