Field Matt, Christiansen Paul, Cole Jon, Goudie Andrew
School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, UK.
Addiction. 2007 Apr;102(4):579-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01743.x. Epub 2007 Feb 15.
To investigate whether adolescent heavy drinkers exhibit biased cognitive processing of alcohol-related cues and impulsive decision making.
A between-subjects design was employed.
Classrooms in a single sixth-form college in Merseyside, UK.
Ninety adolescent students (mean age 16.83 years), of whom 38% were identified as heavy drinkers and 36% were identified as light drinkers, based on a tertile split of their weekly alcohol consumption.
Participants provided information about alcohol consumption before completing measures of alcohol craving, delay discounting and an "alcohol Stroop" in which they were required to name the colour in which alcohol-related and matched control words were printed.
Compared to light drinkers, heavy drinkers showed more pronounced discounting of delayed hypothetical monetary and alcohol rewards, which is indicative of a more short-term focus in decision making in heavy drinkers. Heavy drinkers were also slower to colour-name alcohol-related words, which indicates an attentional bias for alcohol-related cues. In all participants, measures of delay discounting and attentional bias were correlated moderately with each other, and also with the level of alcohol consumption and with alcohol craving.
In adolescents, heavy alcohol use is associated with biased attentional processing of alcohol-related cues and a shorter-term focus in decision making.
研究青少年酗酒者是否对与酒精相关的线索表现出认知加工偏差和冲动决策。
采用组间设计。
英国默西塞德郡一所六年级学院的教室。
90名青少年学生（平均年龄16.83岁），根据每周酒精摄入量的三分位数划分，其中38%被确定为酗酒者，36%被确定为轻度饮酒者。
参与者在完成酒精渴望、延迟折扣和“酒精斯特鲁普”测量之前提供酒精消费信息，在“酒精斯特鲁普”测量中，他们需要说出与酒精相关和匹配的对照词所印刷的颜色。
与轻度饮酒者相比，酗酒者对延迟的假设货币和酒精奖励表现出更明显的折扣，这表明酗酒者在决策中更注重短期利益。酗酒者给与酒精相关的词命名颜色也更慢，这表明对与酒精相关的线索存在注意力偏差。在所有参与者中，延迟折扣和注意力偏差的测量彼此中度相关，也与酒精消费水平和酒精渴望相关。
在青少年中，大量饮酒与对与酒精相关线索的注意力加工偏差以及决策中更短的短期关注有关。
