Shappell Nancy W, Billey Lloyd O, Forbes Dean, Matheny Terry A, Poach Matthew E, Reddy Gudigopuram B, Hunt Patrick G
Biosciences Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Jan 15;41(2):444-50. doi: 10.1021/es061268e.
Anaerobic lagoons and treatment wetlands are used worldwide to treat wastewater from dense livestock production facilities; however, there is very limited data on the hormonal activity of the wastewater effluent produced by these treatment systems. The objectives of this experiment were to measure (1) the hormonal activity of the initial effluent and (2) the effectiveness of a lagoon-constructed wetland treatment system for producing an effluent with a low hormonal activity. Wastewater samples were taken in April, July, and November 2004 and July 2005 from a lagoon-constructed wetland system at a swine farrowing facility. Estrogenic activity (in vitro E-screen assay), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and testosterone concentrations (LC/MS-MS) were measured. A high correlation was found between estradiol equivalents determined by E-screen and LC/MS-MS (R2 = 0.82). Nutrient removal was measured to ensure that the wetlands were functioning in a manner similar to literature reports. Nutrient removals were typical for treatment wetlands: TKN 59-75% and orthophosphate 0-18%. Wetlands decreased estrogenic activity by 83-93%. Estrone was the most persistent estrogenic compound. Constructed wetlands produced effluents with estrogenic activity below the lowest equivalent E2 concentration known to have an effect on fish (10 ng/L or approximately 37 x 10(-12) M).
厌氧塘和处理湿地在全球范围内被用于处理密集型畜牧生产设施产生的废水；然而，关于这些处理系统产生的废水流出物的激素活性的数据非常有限。本实验的目的是测量：（1）初始流出物的激素活性；（2）一个由氧化塘-人工湿地组成的处理系统产生激素活性低的流出物的有效性。2004年4月、7月、11月以及2005年7月，从一个母猪分娩设施的氧化塘-人工湿地系统采集了废水样本。测量了雌激素活性（体外E-筛选试验）、17β-雌二醇（E2）和睾酮浓度（液相色谱-串联质谱法）。通过E-筛选试验和液相色谱-串联质谱法测定的雌二醇当量之间发现高度相关（R2 = 0.82）。测量了营养物去除情况以确保湿地的运行方式与文献报道相似。营养物去除情况是处理湿地的典型情况：总凯氏氮去除率为59-75%，正磷酸盐去除率为0-18%。湿地使雌激素活性降低了83-93%。雌酮是最持久的雌激素化合物。人工湿地产生的流出物的雌激素活性低于已知对鱼类有影响的最低等效E2浓度（10 ng/L或约37×10-12 M）。
