Ohaga S O, Kokwaro E D, Ndiege I O, Hassanali A, Saini R K
International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology, PO Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
Prev Vet Med. 2007 Jun 15;80(1):24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.01.007. Epub 2007 Feb 26.
We did cross-sectional surveys in Kwale District, Kenya to determine the epidemiology of bovine trypanosomosis and livestock owners' perceptions of the disease. The surveys involved relative importance of trypanosomosis, examination of the current disease constraints, current control practices and drug-use patterns. Informal meetings were held with farmers and cattle census undertaken. Tsetse-fly densities and trypanosomosis prevalences in cattle were determined. A total of 132 farmers were interviewed. Trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis, East Coast fever, foot-and-mouth diseases were reported to be the major constraints to livestock production. Trypanosomosis was the most important compared to other diseases. Chemotherapy was the most widely used method of controlling the disease. Farmer-based tsetse-control technologies were poorly adopted. Respondents were quite knowledgeable on the symptoms, causes and treatment of trypanosomosis. Glossina austeni, G. brevipalpis and G. pallidipes were found in the area; the latter was the most common (0.2-738 flies/trap). Trypanosoma congolense and T. vivax were found in cattle with the former more prevalent. Infection prevalences in cattle varied between 0 and 25% (median: 22%).
我们在肯尼亚夸莱区开展了横断面调查，以确定牛锥虫病的流行病学情况以及牲畜养殖户对该病的认知。调查涉及锥虫病的相对重要性、当前疾病制约因素的检查、当前的防控措施及药物使用模式。与养殖户举行了非正式会议并进行了牲畜普查。测定了采采蝇密度和牛的锥虫病患病率。共采访了132名养殖户。据报告，锥虫病、无浆体病、东海岸热、口蹄疫是牲畜生产的主要制约因素。与其他疾病相比，锥虫病最为重要。化学疗法是控制该病最广泛使用的方法。基于养殖户的采采蝇控制技术采用率很低。受访者对锥虫病的症状、病因和治疗相当了解。该地区发现了奥氏采采蝇、短须采采蝇和淡黄采采蝇；后者最为常见（0.2 - 738只/诱捕器）。在牛身上发现了刚果锥虫和活跃锥虫，前者更为普遍。牛的感染患病率在0%至25%之间（中位数：22%）。
