Ran Pi-xin, Wang Chen, Yao Wan-zhen, Chen Ping, Kang Jian, Huang Shao-guang, Chen Bao-yuan, Wang Chang-zheng, Ni Dian-Tao, Zhou Yu-min, Liu Sheng-ming, Wang Xiao-ping, Wang Da-li, Lü Jia-chun, Zheng Jin-ping, Zhong Nan-shan
Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Dec;45(12):974-9.
To explore the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in females in Chinese rural areas.
Based on a national multi-center, population-based and cross-sectional survey on prevalence of COPD in seven provinces/cities of China, an analysis on the risk factors for the rural females was conducted in six areas, e.g. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Liaoning, Tianjin and Shanxi. In the national survey, for each area, one rural and one urban cluster samples were randomly selected using a multi-stage strategy. Residents who were 40 years old or older were interviewed with questionnaires and tested with spirometry. The post-bronchodilators forced expired volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV(1)/FVC) x 100% < 70% was used as diagnostic criteria of COPD.
The average prevalence of COPD in females in the six Chinese rural areas was 5.4%. The prevalence varied with risk factor exposure among different areas, and the prevalence in Guangdong province was the highest among all areas. Logistic regression model was conducted, and statistical association of COPD was found with a family history of respiratory diseases (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.86 - 3.26), frequent coughing during childhood (frequent coughing vs never coughing: OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 2.02 - 7.63), lower body mass index (lower body mass index vs normal body mass index: OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.47 - 3.29), age (70 years or older vs 40 - 49 years: OR = 8.98, 95% CI = 5.90 - 13.67), smoking (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.20 - 2.35), exposure to occupational dusts (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.07 - 1.96), worse ventilation in kitchen room (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.06 - 2.03) and lower educational level (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.38 - 3.46).
The prevalence of COPD in females in rural areas was associated with multiple factors and prevention of COPD for Chinese women in rural areas is warranted.
探讨中国农村女性慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的危险因素。
基于一项关于中国七个省/市COPD患病率的全国多中心、基于人群的横断面调查，对北京、上海、广东、辽宁、天津和山西等六个地区的农村女性危险因素进行分析。在全国调查中，每个地区采用多阶段策略随机选取一个农村和一个城市整群样本。对40岁及以上居民进行问卷调查并进行肺功能测定。使用支气管扩张剂后一秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值（FEV(1)/FVC）×100%<70%作为COPD的诊断标准。
中国六个农村地区女性COPD的平均患病率为5.4%。患病率因不同地区的危险因素暴露情况而异，广东省的患病率在所有地区中最高。进行了Logistic回归模型分析，发现COPD与呼吸系统疾病家族史（OR = 2.46，95%CI = 1.86 - 3.26）、儿童期频繁咳嗽（频繁咳嗽与从不咳嗽相比：OR = 3.93，95%CI = 2.02 - 7.63）、较低的体重指数（较低体重指数与正常体重指数相比：OR = 2.20，95%CI = 1.47 - 3.29）、年龄（70岁及以上与40 - 49岁相比：OR = 8.98，95%CI = 5.90 - 13.67）、吸烟（OR = 1.68，95%CI = 1.20 - 2.35）、接触职业粉尘（OR = 1.45，95%CI = 1.07 - 1.96）、厨房通风较差（OR = 1.47，95%CI = 1.06 - 2.03）以及较低的教育水平（OR = 2.19，95%CI = 1.38 - 3.46）存在统计学关联。
农村女性COPD的患病率与多种因素有关，中国农村女性COPD的预防工作很有必要。
