Zhou Yu-min, Wang Chen, Yao Wan-zhen, Chen Ping, Kang Jian, Huang Shao-guang, Chen Bao-yuan, Wang Chang-zheng, Ni Dian-tao, Liu Sheng-ming, Wang Xiao-ping, Wang Da-li, Lü Jia-chun, Zheng Jin-ping, Zhong Nan-shan, Ran Pi-xin
Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2013 May;52(5):379-82.
To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of bronchiectasis in urban city of China.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 17 urban areas in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing cities, and Guangdong, Liaoning, Shanxi provinces. In this study, urban population-based cluster samples were randomly selected from each city/province. In the selected city communities, all residents at least 40 years old were recruited, interviewed with questionnaires and tested with spirometry. Each participant was asked whether he/she was ever diagnosed as bronchiectasis by physician, whether had symptoms of respiratory diseases and possible risk factors, etc.
Data of 10 811 participants was enrolled for analysis, with a response rate of 75.4% (10 811/14 337). The overall prevalence of physician-diagnosed bronchiectasis was 1.2% (135/10 811), with 1.5% (65/4382) in male and 1.1% (70/6429) in female, without statistical difference in gender (χ² = 3.289, P = 0.070). Prevalence of bronchiectasis increased with age (χ² = 31.029, P < 0.001). There were no statistical significances in crude prevalences of bronchiectasis among cities (χ² = 10.572, P = 0.103), while there was a significant difference among cities after adjustment with confounders (Wald value = 22.116, P = 0.001), by using logistic regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed, bronchiectasis was significantly associated with elder ( ≥ 70 years vs 40-49 years; OR = 4.11, 95% CI 2.29-7.36), the family history of respiratory diseases (having two subjects with respiratory diseases in family vs no suffered relatives; OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.06-3.94), respiratory infection during childhood (suffering two kinds of respiratory diseases vs never; OR = 4.89, 95% CI 2.03-11.81), exposure to coal (OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.17-4.52), chronic pharyngitis (OR = 3.96, 95% CI 1.38-11.40) and pulmonary tuberculosis (OR = 3.07, 95% CI 1.89-4.98), heart diseases (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.11-2.42) and lung cancer(OR = 18.61, 95% CI 7.67-45.18).
The prevalence of bronchiectasis in population aged 40 years old and above in urban area in China is high and associated with multiple factors such as age, family history of respiratory diseases, respiratory infection during childhood, exposure to coal, chronic pharyngitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, heart diseases, lung cancer and so on.
调查中国城市地区支气管扩张症的患病率及危险因素。
在北京、上海、天津、重庆四个直辖市以及广东、辽宁、山西三省的17个城市地区进行横断面调查。本研究从每个城市/省份中随机选取基于城市人口的整群样本。在选定的城市社区中，招募所有年龄至少40岁的居民，进行问卷调查并进行肺功能测定。询问每位参与者是否曾被医生诊断为支气管扩张症，是否有呼吸道疾病症状及可能的危险因素等。
纳入10811名参与者的数据进行分析，应答率为75.4%（10811/14337）。医生诊断的支气管扩张症总体患病率为1.2%（135/10811），男性为1.5%（65/4382），女性为1.1%（70/6429），性别间无统计学差异（χ² = 3.289，P = 0.070）。支气管扩张症患病率随年龄增长而升高（χ² = 31.029，P < 0.001）。城市间支气管扩张症的粗患病率无统计学意义（χ² = 10.572，P = 0.103），但经混杂因素调整后，城市间存在显著差异（Wald值 = 22.116，P = 0.001），采用逻辑回归分析。逻辑回归分析显示，支气管扩张症与老年人（≥70岁 vs 40 - 49岁；OR = 4.11，95%CI 2.29 - 7.36）、呼吸道疾病家族史（家庭中有两名患呼吸道疾病的成员 vs 无患病亲属；OR = 2.04，95%CI 1.06 - 3.94）、儿童期呼吸道感染（患两种呼吸道疾病 vs 从未患过；OR = 4.89，95%CI 2.03 - 11.81）、接触煤炭（OR = 2.30，95%CI 1.17 - 4.52）、慢性咽炎（OR = 3.96，95%CI 1.38 - 11.40）、肺结核（OR = 3.07，95%CI 1.89 - 4.98）、心脏病（OR = 1.64，95%CI 1.11 - 2.42）和肺癌（OR = 18.61，95%CI 7.67 - 45.18）显著相关。
中国城市地区40岁及以上人群中支气管扩张症患病率较高，且与年龄、呼吸道疾病家族史、儿童期呼吸道感染、接触煤炭、慢性咽炎、肺结核、心脏病、肺癌等多种因素相关。
