Gracely Richard H, Undem Bradley J, Banzett Robert B
Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA.
Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2007;20(4):433-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2006.12.005. Epub 2007 Jan 10.
The three common symptoms, pain, dyspnoea and cough, share some important features. We felt that the analogies to be made among them could be instructive, possibly suggesting new avenues of research. Each of these symptoms can be profoundly uncomfortable, and can profoundly degrade quality of life. The sign, cough, is often given more prominence than the symptom, urge to cough, but both are important to the patient (the former may be of more concern to nearby people). Advances in pain research over the last several decades have pointed the way to new studies of dyspnoea; they may serve as a model for the psychophysical study of the perception of urge to cough, as well as providing models for understanding both central and peripheral sensitization of the afferent pathway. We briefly review here the afferent and central pathways and psychophysics of pain, dyspnoea and urge to cough.
疼痛、呼吸困难和咳嗽这三种常见症状具有一些重要特征。我们认为，对它们进行类比可能具有启发性，或许能为新的研究方向提供思路。这些症状中的每一种都可能会给人带来极大的不适，并严重降低生活质量。体征咳嗽往往比症状咳嗽冲动更受关注，但两者对患者都很重要（前者可能更让周围的人担忧）。过去几十年疼痛研究的进展为呼吸困难的新研究指明了方向；它们可以作为咳嗽冲动感知的心理物理学研究的模型，同时也为理解传入通路的中枢和外周敏化提供模型。我们在此简要回顾疼痛、呼吸困难和咳嗽冲动的传入和中枢通路以及心理物理学。
