Kraut Michael A, Cherry Barbara, Pitcock Jeffery A, Anand Raksha, Li Juan, Vestal Lindsey, Henderson Victor W, Hart John
Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Cogn Behav Neurol. 2007 Mar;20(1):62-7. doi: 10.1097/WNN.0b013e3180335f7d.
Between 10% and 15% of patients with the amnestic variety of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) convert to Alzheimer disease (AD) per year.
Characterize cognitive markers that may herald conversion from MCI to AD and directly assess semantic memory in patients meeting criteria for amnestic MCI.
Thirty-five amnestic MCI patients and 121 healthy aging controls enrolled at an Alzheimer Disease Center received a battery of standard neuropsychologic tests, and the Semantic Object Retrieval Test (SORT), a test that we have developed for the assessment of semantic memory and subsequent name production, and that has been shown to be able to differentiate between normals and patients with AD.
On the basis of normative data from the SORT, the MCI subjects could be divided into 2 groups: 10 patients (29%) with a significant semantic impairment (SI+) and 25 without a semantic memory deficit (SI-). There was a significant correlation between all SORT variables and performance on the Boston Naming Test. In this MCI population, significantly impaired SORT performance was associated with a relative decrease in performance on tests of frontal lobe functions, although disruption of thalamic-related processes cannot be excluded as an etiology for semantic memory impairment.
The SORT is a specific test of semantic memory, and is a sensitive measure of semantic memory deficits in patients who otherwise meet criteria for amnestic MCI. Using this specific assessment tool, a significant number of MCI patients were found to have semantic memory deficits. As these patients may be early in the course of possible progression toward dementia, the SORT or other tests of semantic memory may provide important diagnostic or prognostic information in patients with MCI.
每年有10%至15%的遗忘型轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者会转化为阿尔茨海默病（AD）。
确定可能预示MCI向AD转化的认知标志物，并直接评估符合遗忘型MCI标准患者的语义记忆。
在一家阿尔茨海默病中心招募的35名遗忘型MCI患者和121名健康老龄对照接受了一系列标准神经心理学测试，以及语义物体检索测试（SORT），这是我们为评估语义记忆及随后的命名生成而开发的一项测试，已被证明能够区分正常人和AD患者。
根据SORT的标准化数据，MCI受试者可分为两组：10名患者（29%）存在显著语义损害（SI+），25名无语义记忆缺陷（SI-）。SORT的所有变量与波士顿命名测试的表现之间存在显著相关性。在这个MCI人群中，SORT表现显著受损与额叶功能测试表现的相对下降有关，尽管不能排除丘脑相关过程的破坏作为语义记忆损害的病因。
SORT是语义记忆的一项特异性测试，是符合遗忘型MCI标准患者语义记忆缺陷的一项敏感测量方法。使用这一特异性评估工具，发现大量MCI患者存在语义记忆缺陷。由于这些患者可能正处于向痴呆症进展的早期阶段，SORT或其他语义记忆测试可能为MCI患者提供重要的诊断或预后信息。
