Davis Ronald M, Wakefield Melanie, Amos Amanda, Gupta Prakash C
Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202-3450, USA.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2007;28:171-94. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.28.021406.144033.
One in three adults worldwide (>1.1 billion people) smokes; 80% live in low- and middle-income countries. Tobacco use causes five million deaths each year and, if current smoking patterns continue, will kill 10 million persons annually by 2020. From 1970 to 2000, tobacco leaf production decreased by 36% in developed countries but more than doubled in developing countries. China is the world's leading producer and consumer of tobacco. Seven multinational tobacco companies dominate the world cigarette market, led by Altria, British American Tobacco, and Japan Tobacco, which collectively manufacture more than 2 trillion cigarettes per year. Extensive knowledge exists about effective tobacco control interventions. However, dissemination of best practices and adoption and implementation of recommended policies are fragmentary. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (ratified by 140 countries as of October 1, 2006) provides a template outlining the ingredients for a comprehensive tobacco control campaign.
全球三分之一的成年人（超过11亿人）吸烟；其中80%生活在低收入和中等收入国家。烟草使用每年导致500万人死亡，如果当前的吸烟模式持续下去，到2020年每年将有1000万人丧生。1970年至2000年期间，发达国家的烟叶产量下降了36%，但发展中国家的产量却增加了一倍多。中国是世界上最大的烟草生产国和消费国。七家跨国烟草公司主导着世界卷烟市场，其中奥驰亚、英美烟草和日本烟草公司位居前列，它们每年总共生产超过2万亿支香烟。关于有效的烟草控制干预措施已有广泛的知识。然而，最佳做法的传播以及推荐政策的采用和实施却很零散。《烟草控制框架公约》（截至2006年10月1日已有140个国家批准）提供了一个模板，概述了全面烟草控制运动的要素。
