Chapman S
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2008 Jan;12(1):8-12.
Serious efforts to reduce the harm caused by tobacco use throughout populations require implementation policies and interventions capable of reaching all smokers and potential smokers. While the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control promises to accelerate the adoption of comprehensive tobacco control policies throughout the world, its extensive 'optional' language provides considerable latitude for governments unwilling to implement rigorous controls. This paper examines four broad areas in which important debates and policy advances will be necessary to ensure population-wide impact of tobacco control: harm reduction; demand reduction strategies involving particularly the use of news generation in increasing the coverage of tobacco and health issues; denormalisation of tobacco use, especially among health workers in nations where use remains high; and further efforts to regulate the tobacco industry, particularly in regard to plain packaging, under-the-counter retail sales and the regulation of tobacco products.
为减少烟草使用给全体人群造成的危害而做出的认真努力，需要实施能够覆盖所有吸烟者和潜在吸烟者的政策与干预措施。虽然《烟草控制框架公约》有望加速在全球采用全面的烟草控制政策，但其大量的“可选”措辞为不愿实施严格管控的政府提供了相当大的灵活性。本文审视了四个广泛领域，在这些领域中，为确保烟草控制对全体人群产生影响，进行重要辩论并推动政策进步将是必要的：减少危害；减少需求战略，尤其包括利用新闻传播来扩大烟草与健康问题的覆盖面；使烟草使用失去常态，特别是在烟草使用率仍然很高的国家，针对卫生工作者而言；以及进一步努力对烟草行业进行监管，特别是在平装包装、柜台下零售以及烟草制品监管方面。
