McGovern Lauren M, Boyce Thomas G, Fischer Philip R
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
J Travel Med. 2007 Mar-Apr;14(2):117-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2006.00093.x.
With the overall increase in international travel, there is likely to be an increase in travel during pregnancy as well. In developing countries, pregnant women face exposures that can add significant risk for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Infections that can occur in utero or in the early neonatal period include malaria, yellow fever, tuberculosis, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus, leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, rubella, typhoid fever, leptospirosis, dengue fever, Helicobacter pylori, and trypanosomiasis. When travel and potential exposure cannot be avoided, preventive measures are usually effective. Pretravel consultation should include careful discussion of length of travel, antimalarial prophylaxis, insect avoidance, food and water hygiene, vaccination, and body fluid precautions.
随着国际旅行的总体增加，孕期旅行也可能会增多。在发展中国家，孕妇面临的接触情况会显著增加新生儿发病和死亡风险。可在子宫内或新生儿早期发生的感染包括疟疾、黄热病、结核病、肝炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒、利什曼病、弓形虫病、丝虫病、日本脑炎、风疹、伤寒、钩端螺旋体病、登革热、幽门螺杆菌和锥虫病。当旅行和潜在接触无法避免时，预防措施通常是有效的。旅行前咨询应包括仔细讨论旅行时长、抗疟预防、避免接触昆虫、食品和水卫生、疫苗接种以及体液预防措施。
