Lecumberri Elena, Goya Luis, Mateos Raquel, Alía Mario, Ramos Sonia, Izquierdo-Pulido María, Bravo Laura
Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
Nutrition. 2007 Apr;23(4):332-41. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.01.013. Epub 2007 Mar 23.
The potential hypolipidemic effect of a new cocoa product rich in dietary fiber (DF) naturally containing antioxidant polyphenols (cocoa fiber [CF]) was studied in a rat model of dietary-induced hypercholesterolemia.
For 3 wk animals were fed normal, cholesterol-free diets or diets supplemented with cholesterol to evoke hypercholesterolemia. Control diets contained 10% cellulose as DF, and test diets were supplemented with 165 g of CF per kilogram (providing 10% DF). Lipid profile, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde were measured in serum in addition to the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase and concentrations of glutathione and malondialdehyde in the liver.
Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were established as a consequence of the cholesterol-rich diets. CF showed an important hypolipidemic action, returning triacylglycerol levels in hypercholesterolemic animals to normal values. The hypocholesterolemic effect was also patent, reducing total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, yet basal values were not attained. Decreased lipid peroxidation in serum and liver as a consequence of CF intake was patent not only in hypercholesterolemic but also in normocholesterolemic animals. No apparent effects on serum total antioxidant capacity or on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and hepatic levels of glutathione were observed. These effects might be attributed to the high DF content of CF and to the natural presence of antioxidant polyphenols.
The consumption of CF with a hypercholesterolemic diet improved the lipidemic profile and reduced lipid peroxidation, suggesting that CF might contribute to a reduction of cardiovascular risk.
在饮食诱导的高胆固醇血症大鼠模型中，研究一种富含膳食纤维（DF）且天然含有抗氧化多酚（可可纤维[CF]）的新型可可产品的潜在降血脂作用。
持续3周，给动物喂食正常、不含胆固醇的饮食或补充胆固醇以诱发高胆固醇血症的饮食。对照饮食含有10%的纤维素作为膳食纤维，试验饮食每千克补充165克CF（提供10%的膳食纤维）。除了测定血清中的脂质谱、总抗氧化能力和丙二醛外，还测定了肝脏中抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性以及谷胱甘肽和丙二醛的浓度。
富含胆固醇的饮食导致了高胆固醇血症和高甘油三酯血症。CF显示出重要的降血脂作用，使高胆固醇血症动物的三酰甘油水平恢复到正常数值。降胆固醇作用也很明显，降低了总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，但未达到基础值。摄入CF后血清和肝脏中脂质过氧化作用的降低不仅在高胆固醇血症动物中明显，在正常胆固醇血症动物中也很明显。未观察到对血清总抗氧化能力或抗氧化酶活性以及肝脏谷胱甘肽水平有明显影响。这些作用可能归因于CF的高膳食纤维含量以及抗氧化多酚的天然存在。
在高胆固醇血症饮食中食用CF改善了血脂谱并降低了脂质过氧化作用，表明CF可能有助于降低心血管疾病风险。
