Key Timothy J, Appleby Paul N, Spencer Elizabeth A, Roddam Andrew W, Neale Rachel E, Allen Naomi E
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
Public Health Nutr. 2007 Nov;10(11):1314-20. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007696402. Epub 2007 Mar 19.
The risk factors for fractures are incompletely understood. An outstanding question concerns the optimal amount of dietary calcium needed to minimise the risk of fracture.
We examined the associations of dietary calcium and other nutrients with self-reported fracture risk in a prospective cohort study. Nutrient intakes were estimated using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire administered at recruitment.
The UK.
A total of 26 749 women and 7947 men aged 20-89 years.
Over an average of 5.2 years of follow-up, 1555 women and 343 men reported one or more fractures, 72% of these resulting from a fall. Among women, fracture risk was higher at lower calcium intakes, with a relative risk of 1.75 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33-2.29) among women with a calcium intake of < 525 mg day- 1 compared with women with a calcium intake of at least 1200 mg day- 1 (test for linear trend, P < 0.001). The association of dietary calcium with fracture risk was stronger among women aged under 50 years at recruitment than among women aged 50 and above. Dietary calcium intake was not associated with fracture risk in men. Fracture risk was not related to the dietary intake of any other nutrient examined.
In this population, women with a low dietary calcium intake had an increased risk of bone fracture, and this association was more marked among younger women than among older women.
骨折的风险因素尚未完全明确。一个突出的问题是，为将骨折风险降至最低所需的最佳膳食钙摄入量是多少。
在一项前瞻性队列研究中，我们研究了膳食钙及其他营养素与自我报告的骨折风险之间的关联。在招募时通过半定量食物频率问卷评估营养素摄入量。
英国。
共有26749名年龄在20 - 89岁之间的女性和7947名男性。
在平均5.2年的随访期内，1555名女性和343名男性报告发生了一处或多处骨折，其中72%是因跌倒所致。在女性中，钙摄入量较低时骨折风险较高，钙摄入量<525毫克/天的女性与钙摄入量至少为1200毫克/天的女性相比，相对风险为1.75（95%置信区间（CI）1.33 - 2.29）（线性趋势检验，P<0.001）。招募时年龄在50岁以下的女性中，膳食钙与骨折风险的关联比50岁及以上的女性更强。男性的膳食钙摄入量与骨折风险无关。骨折风险与所研究的任何其他营养素的膳食摄入量均无关联。
在该人群中，膳食钙摄入量低的女性骨折风险增加，且这种关联在年轻女性中比在老年女性中更明显。
