Miller Geoffrey F, Tal Ilanit R
Psychology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131-1161, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2007 Jul;93(1-3):317-24. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2007.02.007. Epub 2007 Mar 30.
Schizophrenia-spectrum risk alleles may persist in the population, despite their reproductive costs in individuals with schizophrenia, through the possible creativity benefits of mild schizotypy in non-psychotic relatives. To assess this creativity-benefit model, we measured creativity (using 6 verbal and 8 drawing tasks), schizotypy, Big Five personality traits, and general intelligence in 225 University of New Mexico students. Multiple regression analyses showed that openness and intelligence, but not schizotypy, predicted reliable observer ratings of verbal and drawing creativity. Thus, the 'madness-creativity' link seems mediated by the personality trait of openness, and standard creativity-benefit models seem unlikely to explain schizophrenia's evolutionary persistence.
精神分裂症谱系风险等位基因可能在人群中持续存在，尽管它们会给精神分裂症患者带来生殖成本，这可能是因为非精神病性亲属身上的轻度精神分裂症特质可能具有创造力方面的益处。为了评估这种创造力益处模型，我们对225名新墨西哥大学的学生进行了创造力（通过6项语言任务和8项绘画任务进行测量）、精神分裂症特质、大五人格特质和一般智力的测量。多元回归分析表明，开放性和智力，而非精神分裂症特质，能够预测语言和绘画创造力的可靠观察者评分。因此，“疯狂 - 创造力”之间的联系似乎是由开放性人格特质介导的，标准的创造力益处模型似乎不太可能解释精神分裂症在进化中的持续性。
