Brown Daniel
Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2007 Apr;55(2):220-49. doi: 10.1080/00207140601177947.
Asthma is a chronic disease with intermittent acute exacerbations, characterized by obstructed airways, hyper-responsiveness, and sometimes by chronic airway inflammation. Critically reviewing evidence primarily from controlled outcome studies on hypnosis for asthma shows that hypnosis is possibly efficacious for treatment of symptom severity and illness-related behaviors and is efficacious for managing emotional states that exacerbate airway obstruction. Hypnosis is also possibly efficacious for decreasing airway obstruction and stabilizing airway hyper-responsiveness in some individuals, but there is insufficient evidence that hypnosis affects asthma's inflammatory process. Promising research needs to be replicated with larger samples and better designs with careful attention paid to the types of hypnotic suggestions given. The critical issue is not so much whether it is used but how it is used. Future outcome research must address the relative contribution of expectancies, hypnotizability, hypnotic induction, and specific suggestions.
哮喘是一种伴有间歇性急性加重的慢性疾病，其特征为气道阻塞、高反应性，有时还伴有慢性气道炎症。对主要来自哮喘催眠对照结局研究的证据进行批判性回顾表明，催眠可能对治疗症状严重程度和疾病相关行为有效，且对管理加剧气道阻塞的情绪状态有效。催眠在一些个体中对减轻气道阻塞和稳定气道高反应性也可能有效，但没有足够证据表明催眠会影响哮喘的炎症过程。需要用更大的样本和更好的设计重复有前景的研究，并仔细关注所给予的催眠暗示类型。关键问题不在于是否使用催眠，而在于如何使用。未来的结局研究必须探讨期望、可催眠性、催眠诱导和特定暗示的相对作用。
