Kuschnir Fábio Chigres, Cunha Antônio José Ledo Alves da, Braga Denise de Andrade Correa, Silveira Heloísa Helena Nunes da, Barroso Melanie Hurel, Aires Suzana Tschoepke
Programa Saúde na Escola, Secretaria de Defesa Civil do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Alvaro Ramos 405, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22280-110, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2007 Apr;23(4):919-26. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2007000400019.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of asthma and related symptoms and the associations with gender in 13-14-year-old schoolchildren in the city of Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The cross-sectional study used the self-applied International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. The sample included 3,033 students randomly selected from 37 public and private schools. Prevalence of "any history of wheezing" was 26%, as compared to 11.7% within the last 12 months ("current asthma"), and was higher among girls (PR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.31-1.62 and PR = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.35-2.21). Symptoms associated with severity, like "sleep disorders" and "speech limited by wheezing" were associated with female gender (PR = 2.57; 95%CI: 1.77-3.73 and PR = 2.07; 95%CI: 1.25-3.43). Although asthma prevalence was lower than in other Brazilian cities, it was still high among schoolchildren in Nova Iguaçu, and was more frequent and severe among girls. Further research is needed to explain the observed differences.
本研究旨在评估巴西里约热内卢州新伊瓜苏市13 - 14岁学童哮喘及相关症状的患病率和严重程度，以及与性别的关联。这项横断面研究采用了自行填写的儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）问卷。样本包括从37所公立和私立学校随机选取的3033名学生。“有喘息病史”的患病率为26%，而过去12个月内“当前哮喘”的患病率为11.7%，女孩中的患病率更高（PR = 1.46；95%CI：1.31 - 1.62和PR = 1.72；95%CI：1.35 - 2.21）。与严重程度相关的症状，如“睡眠障碍”和“喘息限制说话”与女性性别相关（PR = 2.57；95%CI：1.77 - 3.73和PR = 2.07；95%CI：1.25 - 3.43）。尽管哮喘患病率低于巴西其他城市，但在新伊瓜苏的学童中仍然很高，且在女孩中更频繁、更严重。需要进一步研究来解释观察到的差异。
