Wagner James G, Harkema Jack R
211 Food Safety and Toxicology Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2007 May;7(2):134-40. doi: 10.1007/s11882-007-0011-5.
Rodent models of allergic airways disease employ a wide range of test allergens, sensitization and provocation protocols, animal strains, and experimental endpoints. Studies of experimental asthma, especially the use of murine models, have contributed significantly to the understanding of the genetics and immune-mediated pathophysiology of pulmonary airways during allergy. By comparison, rodent models of allergic rhinitis are less well developed. Recent interest in the potential mechanistic links between asthma and allergic rhinitis has increased the need for relevant animal studies directed at upper airways responses. Specifically, the nature of nasal airway remodeling in response to chronic activation of allergic pathways and its relationship to airway occlusion is not well described. This cursory review discusses current approaches to assessing nasal obstruction in rodent models, and how the histopathologic analysis might be improved to facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis in humans.
变应性气道疾病的啮齿动物模型采用了多种测试变应原、致敏和激发方案、动物品系以及实验终点。实验性哮喘的研究，尤其是小鼠模型的应用，对理解过敏期间肺气道的遗传学和免疫介导的病理生理学做出了重大贡献。相比之下，变应性鼻炎的啮齿动物模型发展得不太完善。最近对哮喘和变应性鼻炎之间潜在机制联系的关注增加了对针对上呼吸道反应的相关动物研究的需求。具体而言，鼻气道对变应性途径慢性激活的重塑性质及其与气道阻塞的关系尚未得到充分描述。这篇简要综述讨论了在啮齿动物模型中评估鼻阻塞的当前方法，以及如何改进组织病理学分析以促进对人类变应性鼻炎发病机制的理解。
