Bunting Michael
University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Dec;13(6):998-1004. doi: 10.3758/bf03213915.
Storage-plus-processing working memory span tasks (e.g., operation span [OSPAN]) are strong predictors of higher order cognition, including general fluid intelligence. This is due, in part, to the difficulty of the processing component. When the processing component prevents only articulatory rehearsal, but not executive attentional control, the predictive utility is attenuated. Participants in one experiment (N = 59) completed Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) and multiple versions of OSPAN and probed recall (PR). A distractor task (high or low difficulty) was added to PR, and OSPAN's processing component was manipulated for difficulty. OSPAN and PR correlated with RAPM when the processing component took executive attentional control. These results are suggestive of resource sharing between processing and storage.
存储加加工工作记忆广度任务（例如操作广度[OSPAN]）是高阶认知（包括一般流体智力）的有力预测指标。部分原因在于加工成分的难度。当加工成分仅阻止言语复述而非执行性注意力控制时，预测效用就会减弱。一项实验中的参与者（N = 59）完成了瑞文高级渐进矩阵测验（RAPM）以及多个版本的OSPAN和线索回忆（PR）。在PR中添加了干扰任务（高难度或低难度），并对OSPAN的加工成分的难度进行了操控。当加工成分进行执行性注意力控制时，OSPAN和PR与RAPM相关。这些结果表明加工和存储之间存在资源共享。
