Bayliss Andrew P, Paul Matthew A, Cannon Peter R, Tipper Steven P
School of Psychology, University of Wales, Brigantia Building, Penrallt Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2AS, Wales.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Dec;13(6):1061-6. doi: 10.3758/bf03213926.
When we see another person look somewhere, we automatically attend to the same location in space. This joint attention emerges early in life and has a great impact on social interactions in development and in everyday adult life. The direction of another's gaze indicates what object is of current interest, which may be the target for a subsequent action. In this study, we found that objects that are looked at by other people are liked more than objects that do not receive the attention of other people (Experiment 1). This suggests that observing averted gaze can have an impact on the affective appraisals of objects in the environment. This liking effect was absent when an arrow was used to cue attention (Experiment 2). This underlines the importance of other people's interactions with objects for generating our own impressions of such stimuli in the world.
当我们看到另一个人看向某个地方时,我们会自动将注意力转向空间中的同一位置。这种共同注意力在生命早期就会出现,并且对发育过程中和成人日常生活中的社交互动有很大影响。他人的目光方向表明当前感兴趣的物体是什么,这可能是后续行动的目标。在本研究中,我们发现被他人注视的物体比未受到他人关注的物体更受喜爱(实验1)。这表明观察到他人转移的目光会对环境中物体的情感评价产生影响。当使用箭头来提示注意力时,这种喜爱效应就不存在了(实验2)。这突出了他人与物体的互动对于我们在现实世界中形成对这类刺激的印象的重要性。