Groen Kara Mills
School of Music, University of Iowa, USA.
J Music Ther. 2007 Summer;44(2):90-112. doi: 10.1093/jmt/44.2.90.
The primary focus of this paper is to describe current trends in pain assessment in end of life care with a secondary focus on music therapy techniques commonly used to address pain for hospice patients. These trends were determined through a survey of 72 board certified music therapists and 92 hospice and palliative nurses. Survey results indicate that most music therapists in the hospice setting incorporate formal pain assessment into their practice; both nursing professionals and music therapists surveyed utilize multiple assessment tools to assess patient pain. Although there are currently a variety of pain assessment tools used, this study indicates that nursing professionals most frequently use the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and FACES scales, and identified them as appropriate for use by nonnursing members of the interdisciplinary hospice team. This paper also describes music therapy techniques most often utilized by music therapists with hospice patients to address acute and chronic pain symptoms.
本文的主要重点是描述临终关怀中疼痛评估的当前趋势，其次重点是常用于缓解临终关怀患者疼痛的音乐治疗技术。这些趋势是通过对72名获得董事会认证的音乐治疗师以及92名临终关怀和姑息治疗护士的调查确定的。调查结果表明，临终关怀机构中的大多数音乐治疗师在其实践中纳入了正式的疼痛评估；接受调查的护理专业人员和音乐治疗师都使用多种评估工具来评估患者的疼痛。尽管目前使用了各种疼痛评估工具，但这项研究表明，护理专业人员最常使用数字评分量表（NRS）和面部表情量表，并认为它们适合临终关怀跨学科团队中的非护理成员使用。本文还描述了音乐治疗师在照顾临终关怀患者时最常使用的音乐治疗技术，以缓解急性和慢性疼痛症状。
