Roisman Glenn I, Fraley R Chris, Belsky Jay
Department of Psychology.
Institute for the Study of Children, Families and Social Issues.
Dev Psychol. 2007 May;43(3):675-686. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.675.
This study is the first to examine the latent structure of individual differences reflected in the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; C. George, N. Kaplan, & M. Main, 1985), a commonly used and well-validated measure designed to assess an adult's current state of mind regarding childhood experiences with caregivers. P. E. Meehl's (1995) taxometric methods (i.e., MAXCOV-HITMAX) were applied to data from 504 AAIs. Analyses revealed that the variation underlying secure versus dismissing states of mind was more consistent with a dimensional than a taxonic model. (Taxometric analyses of preoccupation were indeterminate.) In addition, variation in secure adults' (n=278) reports about their early experiences revealed little evidence for qualitative groups of earned- and continuous-secures. Rather, the inferred life experiences of secure adults appeared to be distributed continuously. Findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical implications regarding the phenomenon of earned-security specifically and variation underlying secure and insecure states of mind more generally. The consequences of these analyses for AAI reliability training and coding are also explored.
本研究首次考察了成人依恋访谈（AAI；C. 乔治、N. 卡普兰和M. 梅因，1985）所反映的个体差异的潜在结构，AAI是一种常用且经过充分验证的测量工具，旨在评估成年人对童年与照顾者经历的当前心理状态。P. E. 米尔（1995）的分类测量方法（即MAXCOV - HITMAX）被应用于来自504份AAI的数据。分析表明，安全型与疏离型心理状态背后的差异更符合维度模型而非分类模型。（对痴迷型的分类测量分析结果不明确。）此外，安全型成年人（n = 278）关于其早期经历的报告几乎没有证据表明存在获得性安全型和持续性安全型的质性分组。相反，安全型成年人推断出的生活经历似乎是连续分布的。研究结果从其对获得性安全现象的具体理论意义以及更普遍的安全型和不安全型心理状态背后的差异方面进行了讨论。还探讨了这些分析对AAI可靠性培训和编码的影响。
