Huang-Pollock Cynthia L, Mikami Amori Yee, Pfiffner Linda, McBurnett Keith
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-3106, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2007 Apr-Jun;36(2):127-36. doi: 10.1080/15374410701274124.
In this study we examined prepotent motor inhibition and responsiveness to reward using a variation of the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) task in clinic- and community-recruited children ages 7 to 12 with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattentive type (ADHD-I), ADHD-combined type (ADHD-C), and non-ADHD controls. Contrary to theoretical expectations, we found evidence for inhibitory weaknesses in ADHD-I. We also found evidence that although children with ADHD-I were able to improve their inhibitory control given reward-based motivation, the improvement depended on the order of reward conditions. Results suggest that the 2 primary subtypes of ADHD share similar neuropsychological weaknesses in inhibitory control but that there are subtype differences in response to success and failure that contribute to a child's ultimate level of performance.
在本研究中，我们使用一种改良的停止信号反应时间（SSRT）任务，对从诊所和社区招募的7至12岁患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍注意力不集中型（ADHD-I）、ADHD混合型（ADHD-C）的儿童以及非ADHD对照组儿童进行了优势反应抑制和奖励反应性的检查。与理论预期相反，我们发现了ADHD-I存在抑制缺陷的证据。我们还发现，尽管患有ADHD-I的儿童在基于奖励的动机下能够改善其抑制控制能力，但这种改善取决于奖励条件的顺序。结果表明，ADHD的两种主要亚型在抑制控制方面存在相似的神经心理学缺陷，但在对成功和失败的反应上存在亚型差异，这些差异会影响儿童最终的表现水平。
