Chretien Jean-Paul, Blazes David L, Coldren Rodney L, Lewis Michael D, Gaywee Jariyanart, Kana Khunakorn, Sirisopana Narongrid, Vallejos Victor, Mundaca Carmen C, Montano Silvia, Martin Gregory J, Gaydos Joel C
Department of Defense, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Bull World Health Organ. 2007 Mar;85(3):174-80. doi: 10.2471/blt.06.037101.
Military forces from developing countries have become increasingly important as facilitators of their government's foreign policy, taking part in peacekeeping operations, military exercises and humanitarian relief missions. Deployment of these forces presents both challenges and opportunities for infectious disease surveillance and control. Troop movements may cause or extend epidemics by introducing novel agents to susceptible populations. Conversely, military units with disease surveillance and response capabilities can extend those capabilities to civilian populations not served by civilian public health programmes, such as those in remote or post-disaster settings. In Peru and Thailand, military health organizations in partnership with the military of the United States use their laboratory, epidemiological, communications and logistical resources to support civilian ministry of health efforts. As their role in international affairs expands, surveillance capabilities of militaries from developing countries should be enhanced, perhaps through partnerships with militaries from high-income countries. Military-to-military and military-to-civilian partnerships, with the support of national and international civilian health organizations, could also greatly strengthen global infectious disease surveillance, particularly in remote and post-disaster areas where military forces are present.
发展中国家的军事力量作为其政府外交政策的推动者变得越来越重要，它们参与维和行动、军事演习和人道主义救援任务。这些部队的部署给传染病监测和控制带来了挑战和机遇。部队调动可能通过将新型病原体引入易感人群而导致或扩大疫情。相反，具备疾病监测和应对能力的军事单位可以将这些能力扩展到那些没有民用公共卫生项目服务的平民群体，比如偏远地区或灾后地区的平民。在秘鲁和泰国，军事卫生组织与美国军方合作，利用其实验室、流行病学、通信和后勤资源来支持民用卫生部的工作。随着发展中国家军队在国际事务中的作用不断扩大，或许可以通过与高收入国家军队建立伙伴关系来增强其监测能力。在国家和国际民用卫生组织的支持下，军队与军队以及军队与平民之间的伙伴关系也可以极大地加强全球传染病监测，特别是在有军事力量存在的偏远和灾后地区。
