Walterspiel J N
Department of Pediatrics, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile.
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 Nov;80(11):993-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11773.x.
Several designs of plastic blanket heat shields are in use. This study was done to compare different designs for their efficiency in reducing heat loss.
Four heat shield designs were tested by sequentially covering each of 14 infants (wt. 640-2,030 g) cared for under radiant warmers. The power consumption of the radiant warmers was measured as a surrogate for heat loss. All designs were tested for a total of 20 min on all infants. Results were calculated as percent change in power consumption from shield to shield. The most efficient design was further modified and evaluated in another group of 14 infants (wt. 700-1,180 g).
The relative reductions in power consumption were: no shield (control) -0%, a plastic foil over the side rails: -17%, a single layer close to the infant but excluding the head: -34%, the same as double layer -37% and the most efficient one, a single layer covering the whole infant -42%. A modification of this design, tested in the second group of infants, reduced power consumption by 13% (95% CI -5.9/-19.7), (p less than 0.004) when compared to the single layer covering the whole infant. It was tucked under the connecting tubes to the ventilator. It also reduced the risk for displacement and allowed for the endotracheal tube to be suctioned without removing the blanket.
Modifications of the design of heat shield blankets for infants resulted in significant increases in efficiency.
目前有几种塑料毯式隔热罩在使用。本研究旨在比较不同设计在减少热量损失方面的效率。
通过依次覆盖在辐射保暖器下护理的14名婴儿（体重640 - 2030克）来测试四种隔热罩设计。测量辐射保暖器的功耗作为热量损失的替代指标。对所有婴儿的所有设计均进行了总共20分钟的测试。结果以不同隔热罩之间功耗的百分比变化来计算。对最有效的设计进行了进一步修改，并在另一组14名婴儿（体重700 - 1180克）中进行评估。
功耗的相对降低幅度分别为：无隔热罩（对照）-0%，侧栏上覆盖塑料箔：-17%，靠近婴儿但不包括头部的单层：-34%，双层同样为-37%，最有效的是覆盖整个婴儿的单层：-42%。在第二组婴儿中测试的该设计的一种修改版本，与覆盖整个婴儿的单层相比，功耗降低了13%（95%置信区间 -5.9 / -19.7），（p小于0.004）。它被塞在连接呼吸机的管子下面。它还降低了移位风险，并允许在不取下毯子的情况下对气管内导管进行抽吸。
婴儿隔热罩毯子设计的修改显著提高了效率。
