Jonassaint Charles R, Boyle Stephen H, Williams Redford B, Mark Daniel B, Siegler Ilene C, Barefoot John C
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Psychosom Med. 2007 May;69(4):319-22. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e318052e27d. Epub 2007 May 17.
To examine the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI) Openness to Experience (O) domain and its facets as predictors of cardiac deaths and all-cause mortality.
The NEO PI was administered to a sample of 977 coronary catheterization patients with significant coronary artery disease. Over an average 15-year follow-up period, 266 cardiac deaths and 463 total deaths occurred. The relationships of O scores to mortality were examined with Cox proportional hazard models. Each model included age, left ventricular ejection fraction, severity of congestive heart failure, and number of diseased vessels as covariates.
The O domain score was not associated with all-cause mortality and only approached significance for decreased cardiac deaths (p = .055). However, a higher score for Openness to Feelings was associated with a decreased risk of cardiac death (p < .01) and all-cause mortality (p < .01). High Openness to Actions was also associated with decreased cardiac mortality (p < .01) and all-cause mortality (p = .03) risk. Higher Openness to Aesthetics and Ideas were only associated with decreased cardiac death risk (both p values <.04). In contrast, Openness to Fantasy and Values were not associated with longevity. Previous evidence suggested that educational achievement may account for the effects of Openness to Experience on mortality; however, controlling for educational achievement did not change the results.
These findings suggest that greater emotional awareness and high curiosity, as indicated by the NEO PI Feelings and Actions facets, are associated with increased patient longevity independently of other risk factors and educational achievement.
研究大五人格量表（NEO PI）中的经验开放性（O）维度及其各个方面作为心脏死亡和全因死亡率预测指标的情况。
对977例患有严重冠状动脉疾病的冠状动脉造影患者样本进行了大五人格量表测试。在平均15年的随访期内，发生了266例心脏死亡和463例全因死亡。使用Cox比例风险模型检验经验开放性得分与死亡率之间的关系。每个模型都将年龄、左心室射血分数、充血性心力衰竭的严重程度和病变血管数量作为协变量。
经验开放性维度得分与全因死亡率无关，仅在降低心脏死亡方面接近显著水平（p = 0.055）。然而，情感开放性得分较高与心脏死亡风险降低（p < 0.01）和全因死亡率降低（p < 0.01）相关。行动开放性较高也与心脏死亡率降低（p < 0.01）和全因死亡率风险降低（p = 0.03）相关。审美开放性和观念开放性较高仅与心脏死亡风险降低相关（p值均 < 0.04）。相比之下，幻想开放性和价值观开放性与长寿无关。先前的证据表明，教育成就可能解释经验开放性对死亡率的影响；然而，控制教育成就并没有改变结果。
这些发现表明，大五人格量表中情感和行动方面所表明的更强的情感意识和高度好奇心，独立于其他风险因素和教育成就，与患者寿命延长相关。
