Eyzaguirre Lindsay M, Erasilova Isidora B, Nadai Yuka, Saad Magdi D, Kovtunenko Natalya G, Gomatos Peter J, Zeman Victoria V, Botros Boulos A, Sanchez Jose L, Birx Deborah L, Earhart Kenneth C, Carr Jean K
US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007 Sep 1;46(1):19-23. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318073c620.
To determine the HIV-1 genetic diversity in Kazakhstan, 85 blood samples from HIV-seropositive donors were collected between 2001 and 2003. The study population consisted of 91.8% injecting drug users (IDUs); the remainder was infected sexually or iatrogenically. A genomic region that included part of the polymerase gene was sequenced for all 85 samples, and from these, 6 samples were randomly selected for nearly full genome sequencing. Subtype A was the most common genetic form (94.1%), followed by CRF02_AG (4.7%) and subtype C (1.2%). All subtype A sequences clustered closely with samples from countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU). From these sequences, 47 (58.8%) presented the secondary protease inhibitor mutation V77I that has been linked to a genetic lineage in the FSU epidemic. In addition, most had the other 2 mutations that characterize the "V77I haplotype." All 6 nearly full-length sequences were subtype A and clustered with other FSU strains. The CRF02_AG strains from this population clustered with strains from Uzbekistan, reflecting the spread of the CRF02_AG epidemic in Central Asia. The HIV epidemic in Kazakhstan is predominantly in IDUs and is indigenous to the geographic region, and most of the strains are genetically similar to those circulating in the FSU and other parts of Central Asia.
为确定哈萨克斯坦的HIV-1基因多样性，于2001年至2003年间收集了85份来自HIV血清阳性献血者的血样。研究人群中91.8%为注射吸毒者（IDU）；其余通过性传播或医源性感染。对所有85份样本的包含部分聚合酶基因的基因组区域进行了测序，并从中随机选择6份样本进行近全基因组测序。A亚型是最常见的基因形式（94.1%），其次是CRF02_AG（4.7%）和C亚型（1.2%）。所有A亚型序列均与来自前苏联（FSU）国家的样本紧密聚类。在这些序列中，47份（58.8%）出现了与FSU流行中的一个基因谱系相关的次要蛋白酶抑制剂突变V77I。此外，大多数还具有表征“V77I单倍型”的其他2种突变。所有6条近全长序列均为A亚型，并与其他FSU毒株聚类。该人群中的CRF02_AG毒株与来自乌兹别克斯坦的毒株聚类，反映了CRF02_AG疫情在中亚的传播。哈萨克斯坦的HIV疫情主要发生在IDU中，是该地理区域本土的，并且大多数毒株在基因上与在FSU和中亚其他地区传播的毒株相似。
