Diedrich S, Schreier E
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, BRD.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2007 May-Jun;50(5-6):771-4. doi: 10.1007/s00103-007-0239-1.
One of the goals of the WHO is the worldwide eradication of poliomyelitis in the coming years. Europe was declared poliofree in 2002, but increasing migration may lead to a come-back of circulating polioviruses. A high level of population immunity protects against imported wild viruses from endemic areas. The first seroprevalence data since the switch from live to inactivated vaccine in Germany (OPV to IPV) are provided. A serum panel was tested (n=2,046) in order to study the serological status against poliomyelitis. The microneutralization test on RD cells was used. Overall, neutralizing antibodies against poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 were detected in 97.4%, 97.6%, and 93.6% of samples, respectively. Of the test persons, 91.7% had antibodies against all three virus types. Only 26 children simultaneously lacked neutralizing antibodies for all three serotypes (1.3%). No significant correlation between gender, region (East/West)), migration status (with/without migration background) and antibody prevalence to polioviruses was found. The seroprevalence of antibodies against all three types of polioviruses indicates a very high level of population immunity in German children. It must be maintained through consequently performed vaccination programmes.
世界卫生组织的目标之一是在未来几年内全球根除脊髓灰质炎。欧洲于2002年宣布无脊髓灰质炎,但移民增加可能导致脊髓灰质炎病毒卷土重来。高水平的人群免疫力可抵御来自流行地区的输入性野生病毒。本文提供了德国从口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)转换为灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗(IPV)后首批血清流行率数据。为研究脊髓灰质炎的血清学状况,检测了一个血清样本组(n = 2046)。采用对RD细胞的微量中和试验。总体而言,分别在97.4%、97.6%和93.6%的样本中检测到针对脊髓灰质炎1型、2型和3型病毒的中和抗体。在受测者中,91.7%的人拥有针对所有三种病毒类型的抗体。只有26名儿童同时缺乏针对所有三种血清型的中和抗体(1.3%)。未发现性别、地区(东部/西部)、移民状态(有/无移民背景)与脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体流行率之间存在显著相关性。针对所有三种脊髓灰质炎病毒类型的抗体血清流行率表明德国儿童的人群免疫力处于非常高的水平。必须通过持续实施的疫苗接种计划来维持这一水平。