Vandamme Katleen, Naert Ignace, Geris Liesbet, Sloten Jozef Vander, Puers Robert, Duyck Joke
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry/BIOMAT Research Group, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, K. U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2007 Aug;18(4):471-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01339.x. Epub 2007 May 21.
The local mechanical environment influences early peri-implant tissue formation. It is still unclear whether immediate loading limits or promotes peri-implant osteogenesis and which mechanical parameters are important herein. The present study evaluated the influence of well-controlled mechanical stimuli on the tissue response around immediately loaded cylindrical turned titanium implants at two different observation periods.
A repeated sampling bone chamber, consisting of dual-structure perforated hollow cylinders with a cylindrical implant, was installed in the tibia of 14 rabbits and used to conduct three displacement-controlled immediate loading experiments: (i) 30 microm - 400 cycles/day - 1 Hz frequency - 2 x/week - 6 weeks; (ii) 30 microm - 400 cycles/day - 1 Hz - 2 x/week - 6 weeks, followed by another 6 weeks with a 50 microm - 800 cycles/day - 1 Hz - 2 x/week loading protocol; and (iii) 0 microm implant displacement for 12 weeks. A linear mixed model and logistic mixed model with alpha=5% were conducted on the data set.
The tissue area fraction was significantly the highest after 12 weeks of loading. The bone area fraction was significantly different between all three loading conditions, with the highest values for the 12-week loading experiment. Twelve-week stimulation resulted in a significantly higher mineralized bone fraction than 6 weeks. Loading did have a significantly positive effect on the mineralized bone fraction. The incidence of osteoid-to-implant and bone-to-implant contact increased significantly when loading the implant for 12 weeks.
Immediate loading had a positive effect on the tissue differentiation and bone formation around cylindrical turned titanium implants. Controlled implant micro-motion up to 50 microm had a positive effect on the bone formation at its interface.
局部机械环境影响种植体周围早期组织形成。即刻加载是限制还是促进种植体周围骨生成，以及哪些机械参数在此过程中起重要作用仍不清楚。本研究评估了在两个不同观察期，良好控制的机械刺激对即刻加载的圆柱形车削钛种植体周围组织反应的影响。
将一个由带有圆柱形种植体的双结构多孔空心圆柱体组成的重复采样骨腔，安装在14只兔子的胫骨中，用于进行三次位移控制的即刻加载实验：（i）每天30微米 - 400次循环 - 1赫兹频率 - 每周2次 - 共6周；（ii）每天30微米 - 400次循环 - 1赫兹 - 每周2次 - 共6周，随后在接下来的6周采用每天50微米 - 800次循环 - 1赫兹 - 每周2次的加载方案；（iii）种植体位移为0微米，持续12周。对数据集进行α = 5%的线性混合模型和逻辑混合模型分析。
加载12周后组织面积分数显著最高。在所有三种加载条件下骨面积分数有显著差异，12周加载实验的值最高。12周刺激导致矿化骨分数显著高于6周。加载对矿化骨分数有显著的积极影响。当种植体加载12周时，类骨质与种植体及骨与种植体接触的发生率显著增加。
即刻加载对圆柱形车削钛种植体周围的组织分化和骨形成有积极影响。高达50微米的可控种植体微动对其界面处的骨形成有积极影响。
