远程机器人远程手术：针对偏远地区医疗护理的可行性研究。
Long-distance robotic telesurgery: a feasibility study for care in remote environments.
作者信息
Rayman R, Croome K, Galbraith N, McClure R, Morady R, Peterson S, Smith S, Subotic V, Van Wynsberghe A, Primak S
机构信息
Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Int J Med Robot. 2006 Sep;2(3):216-24. doi: 10.1002/rcs.99.
BACKGROUND
Basic telesurgical manoeuvres were conducted with signal delays.
METHODS
Eight test subjects conducted four manoeuvres. Time delays of 0-1000 ms were investigated. Time to task completion and error rate were recorded in sequential delays of 0-600 ms. Additionally, blinded random delays of 0-1000 ms were studied.
RESULTS
In the sequential trials (0-600 ms), there were no significant differences in average task time compared to zero latency. The error rate remained low despite increasing time delay, and was significantly less at 500 ms (p < 0.05). In the random trials, task time was significantly greater at delays of 500, 600, 800 and 1000 ms (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in error rates (p = 0.252).
CONCLUSIONS
Operators are capable of performing surgical exercises at significant delays. Latent video feedback is difficult for telesurgery. Visual or virtual reality cues should be implemented to aid the operator in a high-cadence telesurgery environment.
背景
基本的远程手术操作是在存在信号延迟的情况下进行的。
方法
八名测试对象进行了四项操作。研究了0至1000毫秒的时间延迟。记录了0至600毫秒连续延迟情况下的任务完成时间和错误率。此外，还研究了0至1000毫秒的盲法随机延迟。
结果
在连续试验（0至600毫秒）中，与零延迟相比，平均任务时间没有显著差异。尽管时间延迟增加，但错误率仍保持较低水平，在500毫秒时显著更低（p < 0.05）。在随机试验中，在500、600、800和1000毫秒的延迟下任务时间显著更长（p < 0.05）。错误率没有显著差异（p = 0.252）。
结论
操作者能够在显著延迟的情况下进行手术操作练习。对于远程手术来说，潜在的视频反馈很难实现。应采用视觉或虚拟现实提示来帮助操作者在高节奏的远程手术环境中进行操作。
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