Cakal Arslan O, Parlak H
Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Hydrobiology, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
Ecotoxicology. 2007 Aug;16(6):439-44. doi: 10.1007/s10646-007-0147-z. Epub 2007 May 30.
Nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP), both of which are biodegradation products of alkylphenols, are widely used in industrial applications and in some domestic products. These chemicals are found widely in surface water and aquatic sediments. We have carried out a comparative embryotoxicity analysis of the effects of increasing concentrations of NP (seven concentrations ranging from 0.937 to 18.74 microg/l) and OP (six concentrations ranging from 5 to 160 microg/l) on embryos of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula. The indicators evaluated were larval malformations, developmental arrest and embryonic/larval mortality. The results revealed that low concentrations of these chemicals (NP, OP) generally caused malformations in the skeletal system. High concentrations (18.74 microg NP/l, 160 microg OP/l) were found to inhibit the growth of embryos in the early life stages by preventing mitosis. We conclude that NP and OP present a major risk to the normal development of A. lixula at the low concentrations that have been recorded in the environment. These chemicals are therefore most likely to represent an ecological hazard at the population level given the cumulative effects of other environmental pollutants.
壬基酚（NP）和辛基酚（OP）都是烷基酚的生物降解产物，广泛应用于工业和一些家用产品中。这些化学物质在地表水和水生沉积物中广泛存在。我们对海胆（Arbacia lixula）胚胎进行了一项比较胚胎毒性分析，研究了浓度不断增加的NP（七个浓度范围为0.937至18.74微克/升）和OP（六个浓度范围为5至160微克/升）对其胚胎的影响。评估的指标包括幼虫畸形、发育停滞以及胚胎/幼虫死亡率。结果显示，这些化学物质（NP、OP）的低浓度通常会导致骨骼系统畸形。高浓度（18.74微克NP/升、,160微克OP/升）被发现会通过阻止有丝分裂抑制早期生命阶段胚胎的生长。我们得出结论，NP和OP在环境中已记录的低浓度下对海胆的正常发育构成重大风险。鉴于其他环境污染物的累积影响，这些化学物质很可能在种群层面构成生态危害。
